Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism
-
Semin. Arthritis Rheum. · Oct 2014
ReviewPsoriatic arthritis and nail changes: exploring the relationship.
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) has a diverse range of clinical manifestations, both articular and extra-articular. Although the association of PsA with skin changes is well established, the relationship of PsA with psoriatic nail changes remains relatively unexplored. ⋯ Studies of nail changes in PsA are highly variable with a wide range of results. Given the variability of results that were observed in this review, our recommendations are that further large studies on nail changes in patients with PsA should be conducted.
-
Semin. Arthritis Rheum. · Oct 2014
ReviewNeuropathic pain in osteoarthritis: a review of pathophysiological mechanisms and implications for treatment.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the leading cause of musculoskeletal pain and functional disability worldwide, affecting a growing number of individuals in the western society. Despite various conservative and interventional treatment approaches, the overall management of the condition is problematic, and pain-the major clinical problem of the disease-remains sub-optimally controlled. The objectives of this review are to present the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the complexity of pain in OA and to discuss the challenges for new treatment strategies aiming to translate experimental findings into daily clinical practice. ⋯ A growing amount of evidence suggests that the pain in OA has a neuropathic component in some patients. The deeper understanding of multiple mechanisms of OA pain has led to the use of centrally acting medicines that may have a benefit on alleviating osteoarthritic pain. The ineffective pain management and the increasing rates of disability associated with OA mandate for change in our treatment paradigm.