Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2019
Multicenter StudyRetrospective Cohort Study on the Optimal Timing of Orogastric Tube/Nasogastric Tube Insertion in Infants With Pyloric Stenosis.
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in infants can cause a buildup of gastric contents. Orogastric tubes (OGTs) or nasogastric tubes (NGTs) are often placed in patients with pyloric stenosis before surgical management to prevent aspiration. However, exacerbation of gastric losses may lead to electrolyte abnormalities that can delay surgery, and placement has been associated with increased risk of postoperative emesis. Currently, there are no evidence-based guidelines regarding OGT/NGT placement in these patients. This study examines whether OGT/NGT placement before arrival in the operating room was associated with a longer time to readiness for surgery as defined by normalization of electrolytes. Secondary outcomes included time from surgery to discharge and ability to tolerate feeds by 6 hours postoperatively in patients with and without early OGT/NGT placement. ⋯ OGT/NGT placement on admission for pyloric stenosis is associated with a longer time to electrolyte correction in infants with abnormal laboratory values on presentation and, subsequently, a longer time until they are ready for surgery. It is also associated with longer postoperative hospital stay but not an increased risk of feeding intolerance within 6 hours of surgical repair.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2019
ReviewControversies in the Postoperative Management of the Critically Ill Heart Transplant Patient.
Heart transplant recipients are susceptible to a number of complications in the immediate postoperative period. Despite advances in surgical techniques, mechanical circulatory support (MCS), and immunosuppression, evidence supporting optimal management strategies of the critically ill transplant patient is lacking on many fronts. This review identifies some of these controversies with the aim of stimulating further discussion and development into these gray areas.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2019
Factors Affecting Patient Satisfaction With Their Anesthesiologist: An Analysis of 51,676 Surveys From a Large Multihospital Practice.
An increasing focus of health care quality is the assessment of patient-reported outcomes, including satisfaction. Because anesthesia care occurs in the context of perioperative surgical care, direct associations between anesthetic management and patient experience may be difficult to identify. We analyzed anesthesia-specific patient satisfaction survey data from a large private practice group to identify patient, procedure, and anesthetic-specific predictors of patient satisfaction with their anesthesiologist, measured via responses to a validated patient satisfaction survey instrument. We hypothesized that some factors governing satisfaction with an anesthesia provider are beyond their ability to control. ⋯ Our data suggest that some factors governing satisfaction with an anesthesia provider are beyond their ability to control. Further work is needed to identify elements of patient satisfaction with their anesthesiologist and to optimize these aspects of perioperative care.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2019
Multicenter Study Comparative Study Observational StudyPerioperative Outcomes and Surgical Case Volume in Pediatric Complex Cranial Vault Reconstruction: A Multicenter Observational Study From the Pediatric Craniofacial Collaborative Group.
Complex cranial vault reconstruction (CCVR) performed to treat craniosynostosis can be associated with significant blood loss, transfusion, and perioperative complications. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of CCVR surgical case volume on perioperative outcomes. We hypothesized that surgical case volume is not associated with differences in perioperative outcomes. The study primary outcome was total perioperative blood donor exposures. Secondary outcomes included the total perioperative transfusion volume, major complications, and intensive care unit and hospital length of stay. ⋯ In this study, low surgical case volumes were associated with increased total blood donor exposures and increased perioperative transfusion volumes. Hospital length of stay was homogeneous in the 3 groups, suggesting a limited overall clinical impact of the observed transfusion outcome differences.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2019
Comparative Study Observational StudyPopulation Pharmacokinetics of Intraperitoneal Bupivacaine Using Manual Bolus Atomization Versus Micropump Nebulization and Morphine Requirements in Young Children.
Intraperitoneal (IP) administration of local anesthetics is used in adults and children for postoperative analgesia after laparoscopic surgery. Population pharmacokinetics (PK) of IP bupivacaine has not been determined in children. Objectives of this study were (1) to develop a population PK model to compare IP bupivacaine administered via manual bolus atomization and micropump nebulization and (2) to assess postoperative morphine requirements after intraoperative administration. We hypothesized similar PK profiles and morphine requirements for both delivery methods. ⋯ IP bupivacaine administration by micropump nebulization demonstrated lower plasma concentrations, less interpatient variability, low risk of toxicity, and similar clinical efficacy compared to manual bolus atomization. This is the first population PK study of IP bupivacaine in children, motivating future randomized controlled trials to determine efficacy.