Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2020
Early Treatment With Metformin in a Mice Model of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Reduces Pain and Edema.
Metformin, an adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase activator, as well as a common drug for type 2 diabetes, has previously been shown to decrease mechanical allodynia in mice with neuropathic pain. The objective of this study is to determine if treatment with metformin during the first 3 weeks after fracture would produce a long-term decrease in mechanical allodynia and improve a complex behavioral task (burrowing) in a mouse tibia fracture model with signs of complex regional pain syndrome. ⋯ The important finding of this study was that early treatment with metformin reduces mechanical allodynia in a complex regional pain syndrome model in mice. Our findings suggest that AMP-activated protein kinase activators may be a viable therapeutic target for the treatment of pain associated with complex regional pain syndrome.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2020
Exogenous GM1 Ganglioside Attenuates Ketamine-Induced Neurocognitive Impairment in the Developing Rat Brain.
A prolonged exposure to ketamine triggers significant neurodegeneration and long-term neurocognitive deficits in the developing brain. Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1) can limit the neuronal damage from necrosis and apoptosis in neurodegenerative conditions. We aimed to assess whether GM1 can prevent ketamine-induced developmental neurotoxicity. ⋯ Our data suggest that the exogenous GM1 acts on BDNF signaling pathway to ameliorate the cognitive impairment and hippocampal apoptosis induced by ketamine in young rats. Our study may indicate a potential use of GM1 in preventing the cognitive deficits induced by ketamine in the young per se.