Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Jan 2008
Association of stress hyperglycemia and atrial fibrillation in myocardial infarction.
Stress hyperglycemia has an untoward effect on prognosis in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Evidence on the interrelationship between stress hyperglycemia and atrial fibrillation (AF) in AMI is sparse. We hypothesized that stress hyperglycemia and AF, both being markers of worse in-hospital prognosis, may be interrelated and we therefore analyzed the relationship between stress hyperglycemia and AF in AMI. ⋯ Stress hyperglycemia is associated with increased prevalence of AF in AMI. Patients with both stress hyperglycemia at admission (>or= 8.0 mmol/l) and AF had almost 14.5 times higher in-hospital mortality than patients who had neither stress hyperglycemia nor AF. Stress hyperglycemia was an independent predictor of the in-hospital mortality in multivariate regression analysis, but AF was not.
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Jan 2008
Case ReportsNecrotizing cervical lymphadenopathy: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease in a young male.
Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) or histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis is a rare benign disease, more common in Japanese women, with only a few cases reported from other parts of the world. The pathogenesis is poorly understood. A 22-year-old man noticed a node growth a month before his admittance. ⋯ In particular, the disease needs to be distinguished from high-grade lymphoma and SLE lymphadenitis. There is no specific medical treatment for KFD since the disease usually resolves spontaneously over four months. Disease recurrence or fatalities are unusual.
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Jan 2008
Clinical and virological characterization of imported cases of Chikungunya fever.
A Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) epidemic emerged in the Indian Ocean islands of the Comores, Reunion, Mayotte, Mauritius, the Seychelles and Madagascar in 2005 resulting in the infection of about 250.000 inhabitants and travellers in only one year. Beginning in March 2006 increasing numbers of CHIKV-like febrile illnesses were reported from various parts of India. We investigated 70 consecutive German travellers returning from the affected areas and presenting with arthralgia and/or fever suggestive of CHIKV infection. ⋯ This has been previously accounted to a A226V change in the E1 protein of the new CHIKV variant when compared to other CHIKV data available. This mutation, supposedly resulting in high-titred viremia in humans and/or an enhanced adaptation to the vector population resulting in increased transmission rates, was also found in our CHIKV isolate from Mauritius. The spread of an African CHIKV to Asia further demonstrates how fast viruses can emerge and establish in places where competent vectors are prevalent.
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Jan 2008
Food-borne zoonoses, the EU zoonosis legislation and the prospects for food safety and consumer protection during primary animal production.
Zoonoses are diseases that are transmitted naturally between animals and humans. The control of food-borne zoonoses within the European Union is a prerequisite for assuring a functional internal market and consequently represents an important item on the political agenda. Unfortunately, until recently, gaining a clear view of the current incidence of food-borne zoonoses and the prevalence of its causative agents has been frustrated by the absence of reliable monitoring and reporting systems. ⋯ The European Union has adopted legislation to remedy this situation and to control food-borne zoonoses in primary production. This contribution discusses the incentives for introducing EU Directive 2003/99/EC and EU Regulation No. 2160/2003, summarises their essentials and discusses major ramifications of both pieces of legislation for the prevention of food-borne zoonoses. It is concluded that there is reason for cautious optimism concerning human salmonellosis, while for other food-borne zoonoses there should be a call for action.
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Jan 2008
Pharmacodynamic interaction between monodesbutyl-benflumetol and artemisinin as well as proguanil in Plasmodium falciparum in vitro.
The sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum against artemisinin, monodebutyl-benflumetol (DBB) and a 1:3 m/m combination of both compounds was assessed in 51 fresh parasite isolates. Although a comparison between fully inhibitory concentrations (GMCOC) of artemisinin alone (63.33 nM), DBB alone (50.15 nM) and the combination (23.92 nM) indicated significant synergism between artemisinin and DBB, this was less evident when comparing the log-probit regressions. Moreover, the geometric mean values of the fractional inhibitory concentrations (SFIC) showed a rising tendency with increasing EC level. ⋯ Proguanil alone showed weak blood schizontocidal activity. The log-probit regressions indicated higher activity of the combination as compared to DBB alone. The SFIC values indicated moderate synergism between DBB and proguanil that could be an advantage in an eventual therapeutic and prophylactic use of DBB.