International journal of dermatology
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Epidemiologic studies of alopecia areata (AA) are available from USA, Japan and European countries, but there is a paucity of literature on AA from Asian countries, especially from the Indian subcontinent. ⋯ Alopecia areata in North Indians showed a preponderance in men (M:F = 2:1) and the majority of persons with disease (88%) were below 40 years of age. Onset in childhood was more frequent in girls or women, but the incidence of severe alopecia was higher in boys or men with onset at an earlier age. Diseases associated with autoimmunity were seen in only 5% of patients. Atopy was found to be associated in 18% of patients, but its reported association with younger age of onset and severe alopecia was not confirmed. Presence of vitiligo in family members and onset before 20 years of age, especially in boys or men, were found to be risk factors for severe alopecia.
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Many methods and medications had been tried for the treatment of chromoblastomycosis with unsatisfactory results. Recently, there were several reports showing a good response of chromoblastomycosis to itraconazole, but it took as long as 18-30 months for lesions to heal. ⋯ Itraconazole was highly effective and may be useful in the treatment of chromoblastomycosis. A high dose is indicated in chronic fibrotic lesions in combination with liquid nitrogen cryotherapy, with higher efficacy and quicker healing than with medication alone.
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Case Reports
Multiple giant disseminated pyogenic granuloma in three patients burned by boiling milk.
Pyogenic granuloma is a common benign skin tumor. The multiple disseminated form of the disease is relatively rare. ⋯ The cause for development of multiple giant pyogenic granulomas after burns from milk remains unknown, but milk proteins or other components of milk, microorganisms, or the burn itself may be causative factors.
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Cutaneous myiasis is frequently reported in patients from tropical countries. Most commonly infestation is due to Cordylobia anthropophaga and Dermatobia hominis, whereas Hypoderma lineatum is less likely to affect humans. ⋯ In patients presenting with cutaneous lesions after return from tropical countries, myiasis has to be considered as a differential diagnosis. Simple and effective therapy is available through removal of the maggots.
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Ducatalon is a bipyridylium herbicide containing a mixture of diquat and paraquat, and is used in agriculture. Adverse reactions due to contact of this compound with the skin have rarely been described. ⋯ Direct contact of the skin with Ducatalon may lead to severe chemical burns. Proper precautions should be taken by the personnel handling this compound, with particular attention to the integrity of the equipment used for spraying the herbicide.