Jornal de pediatria
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Jornal de pediatria · Nov 2011
Review Comparative StudyIsotonic saline solution as maintenance intravenous fluid therapy to prevent acquired hyponatremia in hospitalized children.
This review aims to evaluate if the use of hypotonic saline solutions as maintenance intravenous fluid therapy in hospitalized children increases the risk of hyponatremia, if the administration of isotonic fluids is able to protect against acquired hyponatremia and if the isotonic solutions increase the risks of deleterious effects such as hypernatremia or fluid overload. ⋯ The evidence found indicates that the traditional recommendation of Holliday and Segar to use maintenance fluid therapy for sick and hospitalized children deserves to be reconsidered due to the adverse effects found to arise from it, apart from the better results obtained by using isotonic solutions.
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Jornal de pediatria · Nov 2011
ReviewRisk factors and preventive measures for catheter-related bloodstream infections.
To review the risk factors of central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection and the recommendations for its prevention. ⋯ The control of risk factors may lead to a reduction of 40% or greater in the incidence of catheter-related bloodstream infection. Insertion surveillance and special attention to central venous catheter in pediatric populations should guide the standardization of healthcare routines to achieve standards for comparisons within and between institutions.
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Jornal de pediatria · Jul 2011
ReviewDevelopmental outcomes and quality of life in children born preterm at preschool- and school-age.
To review literature published in the last 5 years on the effects of premature birth on the development and quality of life of preschool- and school-age children. ⋯ Children born extremely premature (≤ 30 weeks' gestational age) are vulnerable to developmental and quality of life problems.
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Jornal de pediatria · Jul 2011
Evaluation of rapid sequence intubation in the pediatric emergency department.
To describe the experience of the emergency department of a pediatric hospital with rapid sequence intubation (RSI) and to identify the factors associated with successful intubation. ⋯ RSI is the method of choice for tracheal intubations performed in the emergency department (80%). In spite of the low success rate (39%) in the present study, RSI has proven to be a safe method, with a low incidence of severe complications. The success of tracheal intubation using RSI seems to be directly related to the preparation of the procedure and the health professional's experience. Thus, we conclude that further training of resident physicians and health professionals working in the emergency department is required.
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To determine the prevalence of pain, musculoskeletal syndromes, orthopedic disorders and using computers and playing videogames among obese adolescents. ⋯ Obesity can cause osteoarticular system damage at the start of adolescence, particularly to the lower limbs. Programs developed specifically for obese female adolescents with musculoskeletal pain are needed.