European journal of clinical investigation
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Jun 2010
ReviewRenal phosphate handling in human--what can we learn from hereditary hypophosphataemias?
Renal reabsorption of inorganic phosphate is critical for the maintenance of phosphate homeostasis. The sodium dependent phosphate cotransporters NaPi-IIa and NaPi-IIc have been identified to fulfill this task at the brush border membrane of proximal tubule cells. Various factors including dietary phosphate intake, parathyroid hormone, or the so called phosphatonins such as FGF23 have been shown to regulate activity of these transporters. ⋯ In this review, the affected gene products in these inherited hypophosphataemias and their contribution to phosphate homeostasis are discussed.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Jun 2010
Pre-operative platelet-bound CD40 ligand is probably associated with peri-operative cardiac events in hip and knee arthroplasty.
Peri-operative cardiac events are common and associated with significant morbidity. A predictive biomarker would assist in pre-operative risk stratification of surgical patients. This study explored the utility of pre-operative measurements of platelet-bound CD40 ligand and other biomarkers for predicting peri-operative cardiac events in total hip or knee arthroplasty. ⋯ In a study of this number of patients, of the six biomarkers tested, only platelet CD40 ligand was found to have a probable association with peri-operative cardiac events in hip and knee arthroplasty.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Jun 2010
Expression of STAMP2 in monocytes associates with cardiovascular alterations.
Metabolic and inflammatory pathways crosstalk at many levels. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression of six-transmembrane protein of prostate 2 (STAMP2) in macrophages and tried to search for the association between the decreased STAMP2 expression, if any, and carotid atherosclerosis as well as cardiac adaptations. ⋯ In MetS patients, especially women patients, STAMP2 expression was down-regulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cell, which was correlated with carotid atherosclerosis and cardiac adaptation.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Jun 2010
Carbamylated erythropoietin increases frataxin independent from the erythropoietin receptor.
Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by decreased expression of the mitochondrial protein frataxin. Recently we showed in a clinical pilot study in Friedreich's ataxia patients that recombinant human erythropoietin (rhuEPO) significantly increases frataxin-expression. In this in vitro study, we investigated the role of the erythropoietin receptor (EPO-R) in the frataxin increasing effect of rhuEPO and if nonerythropoietic carbamylated erythropoietin (CEPO), which cannot bind to the classical EPO-R increases frataxin expression. ⋯ Our results provide a scientific basis for further studies examining the effectiveness of nonerythropoietic derivatives of erythropoietin for the treatment of Friedreich's ataxia patients.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · May 2010
Regulation of adipokine production in human adipose tissue by propionic acid.
Dietary fibre (DF) has been shown to be protective for the development of obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Short-chain fatty acids, produced by colonic fermentation of DF might mediate this beneficial effect. Adipose tissue plays a key role in the regulation of energy homeostasis, therefore, we investigated the influence of the short-chain fatty acid propionic acid (PA) on leptin, adiponectin and resistin production by human omental (OAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). As PA has been shown to be a ligand for G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) 41 and 43, we investigated the role of GPCR's in PA signalling. ⋯ We demonstrate that PA stimulates expression of the anorexigenic hormone leptin and reduces the pro-inflammatory factor resistin in human adipose tissue depots. This suggests that PA is involved in regulation of human energy metabolism and inflammation and in this way may influence the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes.