Issues in comprehensive pediatric nursing
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Issues Compr Pediatr Nurs · Jul 2006
Factors affecting parenting stress among biologically vulnerable toddlers.
Parenting a child with, or at risk for, a developmental delay or disability can be stressful. Abidin's parenting stress model was used as a framework to examine how several maternal, child, and family factors predict parent stress outcomes. Stepwise regression models revealed that maternal and child factors were significant contributors to parenting stress. ⋯ Parenting stress was lower when child (cognitive and adaptive ability) and maternal (depression and child care competence) characteristics were more positive. Child cognitive ability was a strong contributor to total parenting stress and two parenting stress subscales. Findings suggest that these parents need stress lowering interventions such as supportive child care, respite relief, and a child behaviour-focused program.
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Issues Compr Pediatr Nurs · Jul 2004
Parents' perceptions of nurses' caregiving behaviors in the pediatric intensive care unit.
It remains a challenge for intensive care nurses to humanize highly technological health care environments while simultaneously maintaining the benefits this technology can offer. Helping nurses to understand the parent perceptions of pediatric intensive care hospitalization may assist nurses with addressing the need to humanize the experience. This qualitative study describes parents' perceptions of nurses' caregiving behaviors in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) in the Midwestern United States. ⋯ Parents reported nurses engaged in nurturing and vigilant behavior, namely showing affection, caring, watching, and protecting. Parents' reports suggest that the best nursing behaviors are those that facilitate and complement critical aspects of the parental role, thus reinforcing family integrity during a time of turmoil and uncertainty. Incorporating this knowledge into practice contributes to nurses' understanding of PICU hospitalization as a family event, and also helps to inform interventions to improve family-centered care in the PICU.
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The aims of this article are to summarize the reports from various organizations and existing research applicable to the concept of adolescent consent, and to assemble guidelines to aid in consent decisions for research that focuses on adolescents. The regulations from the United States Department of Health and Human Service and the National Commission for Protection of Human Subjects are reviewed, along with legal, ethical, and research-based issues associated with obtaining consent from adolescents. A set of guidelines has been compiled to provide direction for the appropriate consent process with this special population.
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The purpose of this descriptive study was to determine parents' naturally occurring assistive actions when their child received immunizations. Additional purposes included describing the preparation the parent provided to the child prior to the immunization and parents' plans for assistance following the immunization. The convenience sample included 41 parents (or grandparents) of 40 children between the ages of 18 months and 6 years who were receiving routine immunizations at two urban and five rural clinics in the Midwest. ⋯ Three strategies were used both during (procedural information, distraction, and physical contact) and after (physical contact, praise, and rewards) the immunization. Ten children received no preparation for the immunization; nine of these were younger than 3 years of age. The single most reported source of information to parents about helping their child with immunizations was their physician.
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Issues Compr Pediatr Nurs · Jul 2002
Children's injuries in agriculture related events: the effect of supervision on the injury experience.
An international health problem and the leading cause of death and disability among children in the United States are unintentional injuries. Children in rural areas in the United States have the highest death rate related to unintentional injuries regardless of age (Crawley, 1996). Using Haddon's Injury Model as the theoretical framework, the purpose of this study is threefold. ⋯ The findings of this study support Haddon's Injury Model, which suggests injuries occur because of an uncontrolled interaction between a host, an agent, and the environment. Examining the children's role within the framework of Haddon's Injury Model, will assist researchers in designing evidenced-based research that addresses the interaction between the host, agent, and environmental factors. Results from these studies will be useful in identifying effective interventions in the pre-event phase, as well as maximizing quality of life in the postevent phase.