Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. · May 2014
PPARα regulates mobilization and homing of endothelial progenitor cells through the HIF-1α/SDF-1 pathway.
The mechanism for the antiangiogenic activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) remains incompletely understood. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) are known to participate in neovascularization (NV). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether PPARα regulates EPC during retinal NV. ⋯ Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha suppresses ischemia-induced EPC mobilization and homing through inhibition of the HIF-1α/SDF-1 pathway. This represents a novel molecular mechanism for PPARα's antiangiogenic effects.
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Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. · May 2014
Latency of multifocal visual evoked potentials in nonoptic neuritis eyes of multiple sclerosis patients associated with optic radiation lesions.
The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that latency delay of multifocal visual evoked potentials (mfVEP) in nonoptic neuritis (NON) eyes of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is related to retrochiasmal demyelinating lesions. ⋯ The findings of this study support our hypothesis that latency delay of the mfVEP in eyes of MS patients without previous ON is related to retrogenicular demyelinating lesions. Additionally, this study demonstrated that a previous episode of ON in the fellow eye may be a significant confounding factor, masking the relationship between the latency and OR lesions.
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Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. · May 2014
Monomethylfumarate induces γ-globin expression and fetal hemoglobin production in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) and erythroid cells, and in intact retina.
Sickle retinopathy (SR) is a major cause of vision loss in sickle cell disease (SCD). There are no strategies to prevent SR and treatments are extremely limited. The present study evaluated (1) the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell as a hemoglobin producer and novel cellular target for fetal hemoglobin (HbF) induction, and (2) monomethylfumarate (MMF) as an HbF-inducing therapy and abrogator of oxidative stress and inflammation in SCD retina. ⋯ The production of hemoglobin by RPE suggests the potential involvement of this cell type in the etiology of SR. Monomethylfumarate influences multiple parameters consistent with improved retinal health in SCD and may therefore be of therapeutic potential in SR treatment.
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Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. · May 2014
Corneal sensory nerve activity in an experimental model of UV keratitis.
To produce in guinea pigs a UV-induced keratitis, to analyze the effects of this pathology on corneal nerve activity. ⋯ Sensitization of nociceptor and depression of cold thermoreceptor activity following UV radiation appear to result from an action of inflammatory mediators on TRP channels selectively expressed by sensory nerve terminals. Changes in nerve activity possibly underlie discomfort sensations associated with corneo-conjunctival inflammation induced by UV exposure.
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Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. · Apr 2014
Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with myopia in Korean adolescents.
To assess the relationship between serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and refractive error in Korean adolescents. ⋯ Low serum 25(OH)D concentration was associated with myopia prevalence in Korean adolescents. This relationship was particularly notable in adolescents with high myopia.