Clinical therapeutics
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Clinical therapeutics · Sep 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialTramadol/acetaminophen combination tablets and codeine/acetaminophen combination capsules for the management of chronic pain: a comparative trial.
Opioid/acetaminophen (APAP) combination analgesics are widely prescribed for the relief of moderate pain. Tramadol is a synthetic analgesic that has been shown to be effective both alone and in combination with APAP. ⋯ The results of this study suggest that tramadol/APAP tablets (37.5 mg/325 mg) are as effective as codeine/ APAP capsules (30 mg/300 mg) in the treatment of chronic nonmalignant low back pain and OA pain and are better tolerated.
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Clinical therapeutics · Sep 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialEfficacy and safety of ketoprofen lysine salt mouthwash versus benzydamine hydrochloride mouthwash in acute pharyngeal inflammation: a randomized, single-blind study.
Pharyngodynia, or sore throat, is one of the symptoms most frequently reported by patients to primary care physicians. ⋯ KLS mouthwash exerts a significantly longer first-application analgesic action with significantly greater local tolerability than BH in patients with pharyngeal pain of inflammatory and/or infectious origin.
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Clinical therapeutics · Sep 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialRofecoxib versus codeine/acetaminophen in postoperative dental pain: a double-blind, randomized, placebo- and active comparator-controlled clinical trial.
In recent studies of acute pain and primary dysmenorrhea, rofecoxib, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that selectively targets the cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme, was found to be similar in efficacy to ibuprofen and naproxen sodium. ⋯ In this study of moderate to severe postoperative dental pain, the analgesic efficacy of rofecoxib 50 mg was greater than that of codeine/acetaminophen, with a lower incidence of adverse events and nausea.
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Rofecoxib is a member of a subgroup of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) known as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-selective inhibitors. It has been studied in adult and elderly patients in a number of painful conditions (primary dysmenorrhea, acute pain after dental and orthopedic surgery, osteoarthritis [OA], and rheumatoid arthritis). ⋯ Rofecoxib is an appropriate choice for patients who do not obtain adequate analgesia with acetaminophen and those who have not obtained adequate analgesia from, cannot tolerate, or are at risk for GI toxicity with traditional NSAIDs. Patients who require chronic analgesic medication (ie, those with OA), including those who take other medications daily for comorbid conditions, may also benefit from the once-daily dosing regimen of rofecoxib.
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Clinical therapeutics · Sep 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialUpper gastrointestinal safety evaluation of parecoxib sodium, a new parenteral cyclooxygenase-2-specific inhibitor, compared with ketorolac, naproxen, and placebo.
Conventional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are associated with an increased risk of ulcers and upper gastrointestinal (GI) ulcer complications, which has been attributed to the inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1. These risks are usually increased in elderly populations. Parecoxib sodium is an injectable prodrug of the cyclooxygenase-2-specific inhibitor valdecoxib that has exhibited analgesic activity in previous trials. ⋯ These findings suggest that elderly patients may be at risk for GI ulceration even after short-term use of the conventional NSAIDs ketorolac and naproxen.