Neurosurgery
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A number of studies have demonstrated spinal anomalies associated with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS). To date, there are no large consecutive series examining the prevalence and subtype distribution of spinal neurovascular malformations in patients with KTS. ⋯ Our study cohort of 116 KTS patients demonstrated a wide spectrum of spinal neurovascular anomalies with a relatively high prevalence. Potential phenotypic descriptions of KTS should include the possibility for spinal neurovascular anomalies.
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Spinal epidural arteriovenous fistulas (SEDAVFs) are an increasingly recognized form of spinal vascular malformation and are distinct from spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVFs). Differentiating between these 2 entities is important as operative strategies often differ based on angioarchitecture. ⋯ SEDAVF share clinical and radiological findings similar to SDAVFS, including high T2 cord signal, cord enhancement, and perimedullary flow voids on conventional MRI. However, they have a characteristic appearance on spinal MRA and DSA with a pouch of epidural contrast. SEDAVFs are more commonly located in the lumbosacral spine.