The Journal of infection
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The Journal of infection · Aug 2008
Severe sepsis and diabetes mellitus have additive effects on red blood cell deformability.
Diabetes mellitus is accompanied by microvascular complications leading to organ dysfunction, while sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetics. We addressed the hypothesis that red blood cell (RBC) deformability may be additively compromised in septic diabetic patients, leading to a further impairment of microcirculation. ⋯ The presence of diabetes mellitus seems to affect the already compromised RBC deformability of septic patients, probably leading to serious microcirculatory functional impairments in septic diabetic patients.
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The Journal of infection · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialEfficacy and safety of high-dose ampicillin/sulbactam vs. colistin as monotherapy for the treatment of multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ventilator-associated pneumonia.
To compare the safety and efficacy of ampicillin/sulbactam (Amp/Sulb) and colistin (COL) in the treatment of multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). ⋯ Colistin and high-dose ampicillin/sulbactam were comparably safe and effective treatments for critically ill patients with MDR A. baumannii VAP.
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The Journal of infection · May 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA randomized trial of 2% chlorhexidine tincture compared with 10% aqueous povidone-iodine for venipuncture site disinfection: Effects on blood culture contamination rates.
Contaminated blood cultures have been recognized as a bothersome issue, and continue to cause frustration for clinicians. Skin antiseptics can prevent blood culture contamination. To our knowledge, there have been no randomized studies to compare 2% alcoholic chlorhexidine and 10% aqueous povidone-iodine for venipuncture site disinfection. ⋯ Two percent alcoholic chlorhexidine is superior to 10% aqueous povidone-iodine for venipuncture site disinfection before obtaining blood cultures.
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The Journal of infection · May 2008
Risk factors for relapse of ventilator-associated pneumonia related to nonfermenting Gram negative bacilli: a case-control study.
The aim of this study was to determine risk factors for relapse of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) related to nonfermenting Gram negative bacilli (NF-GNB). ⋯ Inappropriate initial antibiotic treatment is independently associated with relapse of VAP related to NF-GNB.
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The Journal of infection · Mar 2008
Haemophilus influenzae type-b and non-b-type invasive diseases in urban children (<5years) of Bangladesh: implications for therapy and vaccination.
To prospectively study the epidemiology and antibiotic resistance of Haemophilus infuenzae isolates from invasive infections in children. ⋯ Hib is a leading cause of invasive bacterial infections in infants. Multidrug-resistant H. influenzae is common and requires amoxicillin-clavulanate, ceftriaxone or azithromycin as empirical therapy with specific recommendation for use of ceftriaxone for treatment of meningitis particularly MDR cases. New fluoroquinolines has potential utility. An effective national Hib vaccination programme is essential in Bangladesh although non-Hib infections will remain an issue.