Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2024
Trends in cardiovascular health among US adults by glycemic status based on Life's Essential 8.
We aimed to assess the secular trends in cardiovascular health (CVH) among U.S. adults with different glycemic statuses based on the Life's Essential 8 (LE8). ⋯ Trends in CVH among participants with diabetes or prediabetes were suboptimal from 2007 to 2018, with persistent education/income disparities.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2024
The association between weight-adjusted-waist index and psoriasis: A cross-sectional study.
This study explored the association between psoriasis and the weight-adjusted waist index (WWI), a newly developed measure of adiposity. The research was conducted among adults in the United States. ⋯ Our study suggested that in US adults, there is a positive association between WWI and psoriasis. It also indicated that WWI showed potential as a valuable index of psoriasis among the general population.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2024
The relationship between neighbourhood built characteristics, physical activity, and health-related fitness in urban dwelling Canadian adults: A mediation analysis.
Physical activity supportive environments have the potential to promote health-related fitness in adults. However, the extent to which neighbourhood built characteristics promote health-related fitness via physical activity has received little research attention. Therefore, our objective was to estimate the indirect and direct effects between neighbourhood built characteristics and health-related fitness mediated by physical activity. ⋯ Individual Canadian Active Living Environment built characteristics are positively associated with moderate-intensity physical activity and negatively associated with light-intensity physical activity. Further, associations between activity friendly neighbourhood characteristics and health related-fitness may be distinct from physical activity.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2024
Fighting behavior, conflict perceptions, and firearm access among U.S. adolescents in a pediatric emergency department.
Prior evidence demonstrates that both firearm access and fighting can predict future violence and injury in adolescents. We aimed to examine associations between firearm access with fighting behavior and conflict perception in a sample of adolescents in an urban emergency department (ED) setting. ⋯ Those perceiving continued conflict after a fight were more likely to report access to firearms and endorse retaliation; however, they were more likely to want to report the fight to law enforcement. These findings highlight the potential for more comprehensive ED risk assessment to reduce retaliation and reinjury for adolescents reporting fighting behavior.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2024
Youth participation in substance use prevention: A national profile, 2011-2019.
Prevention efforts are critical to avoid the negative consequences of substance use in adolescents. This study aimed to examine national trends and sociodemographic differences in adolescents' participation in school-based substance use prevention (SUP) education, community-based SUP programs, as well as family conversations about substance use. ⋯ Further development and implementation of developmentally appropriate, gender-specific, culturally sensitive, and contextually informed SUP programs at school, community, and family levels are needed.