Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2024
Associations of steps per day and step intensity with the risk of cancer: Findings from the Women's Health Accelerometry Collaboration cohort.
Accumulating more steps/day is associated with a lower risk of cancer mortality and composite cancer outcomes. However, less is known about the relationship of steps/day with the risk of multiple site-specific cancers. ⋯ Among women 62-97 years, there were small nonsignificant inverse associations of colon, endometrial, and fatal cancer with more steps/day. Epidemiologic studies with longer follow-up and updated assessments are needed to further explore these associations.
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2024
Longitudinal screening adherence in the Australian National Bowel Cancer Screening Program from 2006 to 2022.
Australia's National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) offers two-yearly screening to 50-74-year-olds for the prevention and early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). Internationally, detailed reporting of participation across multiple screening rounds - also known as longitudinal adherence - is becoming more common, but remains limited in Australia. We described the longitudinal screening adherence of individuals by age and sex invited to the NBCSP at least once, and quantified longitudinal adherence among individuals who received four NBCSP invitations. ⋯ Our study is the first detailed report of longitudinal adherence to the NBCSP in >2 screening rounds. These insights into long-term behaviours can inform planning for interventions to improve screening participation.
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2024
Ambient fine particulate matter and Life's essential 8 and mortality in Chinese adults: A Nationwide retrospective cohort study.
Enhanced cardiovascular health (CVH) is linked to reduced mortality risks, whereas long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), elevates these risks. Whether long-term exposure to PM2.5 counteracts the health benefits of high CVH is unknown. The study aims to evaluate whether the association of CVH assessed by Life's Essential 8 (LE8) with death was consistent between participants with different PM2.5 exposures. ⋯ High CVH is associated with reduced all-cause mortality risk, regardless of PM2.5 exposure levels. For Chinese adults, sustaining high CVH is advisable, irrespective of their residential location.
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2024
Contribution of greenness, air pollution, and residential food environment to excess gestational weight gain: A cross-sectional study in Wuhan, China.
Our goal was to explore how greenness, air pollution, and residential food environment were linked to excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG), and to estimate their combined effects on this condition. ⋯ This study emphasizes that exposure to elevated air pollution, high-density residential neighbourhood food environments, and low levels of greenness is a neighbourhood obesogenic environment for pregnant women.
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2024
Association between Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination and inflammatory bowel disease: A two-stage sampling design within the Quebec Birth Cohort on Immunity and Health (CO·MMUNITY).
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination, primarily administered to prevent tuberculosis, exhibits nonspecific immune effects and could play a role in inflammatory bowel disease prevention. We investigated the associations of BCG with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, and assessed sex-differences. ⋯ BCG vaccination does not play a preventive role in inflammatory bowel disease. Our results point to distinct associations between men and women.