Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2024
Syphilis susceptibility factors atlas: A wide-angled Mendelian randomization study.
The pathogenic mechanisms of syphilis and the host defense mechanisms against syphilis remain poorly understood. Exploration of the susceptibility factors of syphilis may provide crucial clues for unraveling its underlying mechanisms. ⋯ This study identified 18 influencing factors of syphilis susceptibility. These findings offered novel insights for further probing into the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of syphilis and underscored the importance of multifaceted prevention strategies against syphilis.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2024
Randomized Controlled TrialLower incidence of vaginal cancer after cervical human papillomavirus screening - long-term follow-up of Finnish randomized screening trial.
Around 70% of vaginal cancers and 40-50% of vulvar cancers are attributable to human papillomavirus (HPV). Globally the burden of these diseases is estimated to grow due to the increasing HPV prevalence and rapidly aging global population. We aimed to examine if HPV screening for cervical cancer has an additional beneficial effect in preventing vaginal and vulvar cancers. To assess this, we used long-term follow-up data from the Finnish randomized HPV screening trial. ⋯ We found lower incidence of vaginal cancers with HPV screening compared to cytology screening. To validate our results, we recommend analyzing data on vaginal and vulvar cancers also from other HPV screening studies.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2024
Sex differences in tobacco use, attempts to quit smoking, and cessation among dual users of cigarettes and e-cigarettes: Longitudinal findings from the US Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study.
A growing number of adults use more than one tobacco product, with dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes being the most common combination. Monitoring sex disparities in tobacco use is a public health priority. However, little is known regarding whether dual users differ by sex. ⋯ US females who dual use e-cigarettes and cigarettes were more likely to attempt to quit smoking, but not more likely to succeed at quitting, than males.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2024
Telework and 24-h movement behaviours among adults living in Canada during the Covid-19 pandemic.
To assess the association between work location and movement behaviours (physical activity [PA], screen time, sleep) and adherence to the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines (24-H Guidelines) among Canadian workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. ⋯ Results suggest that adherence to the 24-H Guidelines varies by work location, and work location should be considered when developing strategies to promote healthy movement behaviours. Future studies could explore hybrid work arrangements, and longitudinal study designs.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2024
Systemic inflammation response index is associated with increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in US adults with rheumatoid arthritis.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) stands as a persistent systemic inflammatory autoimmune condition. Despite this understanding, the precise impact of the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) on the prognosis of RA patients remains elusive. This study aims to elucidate the correlation between the inflammatory biomarker SIRI and both all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality among RA patients. ⋯ This study underscores a non-linear positive correlation between the biomarker SIRI and both all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in RA patients.