Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2024
The association between weight-adjusted-waist index and psoriasis: A cross-sectional study.
This study explored the association between psoriasis and the weight-adjusted waist index (WWI), a newly developed measure of adiposity. The research was conducted among adults in the United States. ⋯ Our study suggested that in US adults, there is a positive association between WWI and psoriasis. It also indicated that WWI showed potential as a valuable index of psoriasis among the general population.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2024
Loneliness and its cross-sectional associations with health, health behaviours, and perceptions in Finnish patients with overweight or obesity taking part in the healthy weight coaching.
To investigate cross-sectional associations between loneliness and health, health behaviours, and perceptions in Finnish individuals with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥25 kg/m2). ⋯ Loneliness had several untoward associations with health, health behaviours, and perceptions. Further research should explore the intricate relationship between obesity, loneliness, and physical and psychosocial health.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2024
Fighting behavior, conflict perceptions, and firearm access among U.S. adolescents in a pediatric emergency department.
Prior evidence demonstrates that both firearm access and fighting can predict future violence and injury in adolescents. We aimed to examine associations between firearm access with fighting behavior and conflict perception in a sample of adolescents in an urban emergency department (ED) setting. ⋯ Those perceiving continued conflict after a fight were more likely to report access to firearms and endorse retaliation; however, they were more likely to want to report the fight to law enforcement. These findings highlight the potential for more comprehensive ED risk assessment to reduce retaliation and reinjury for adolescents reporting fighting behavior.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2024
Application of a comprehensive disability measure: Disability prevalence among US veterans and non-veterans from the National Health Interview Survey Data from 2015 to 2018.
Current measures of condition-specific disabilities or those capturing only severe limitations may underestimate disability prevalence, including among Veterans. ⋯ Our disability metric demonstrates that Veterans have a higher disability prevalence than non-Veterans, and a higher prevalence than previously reported. Public policy and future research should consider this broader definition of disability to more fully account for the variable needs of people with disabilities.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2024
Epidemiology of drug arrests in the United States: Evidence from the national survey on drug use and health, 2015-2019.
Following changes to drug criminalization policies, we re-examine the epidemiology of drug arrests among people who use drugs (PWUD) in the U.S. ⋯ Despite recent shifts away from punitive drug policies, we detected no reduction in drug arrests nationally and increasing prevalence in non-metro areas. Despite reporting the lowest level of illicit substance use and drug selling, NH Black individuals had significantly increased odds of arrest across years. Findings highlight the need for further examination of policy implementation and policing practices in different settings, with more research focused non-metro areas, to address enduring structural racism in drug enforcement and its consequences for health.