Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2024
Moral injury among women military veterans and demand for cigarettes: A behavioral economic investigation using a hypothetical purchase task.
Unlike the United States general population, veteran women - as opposed to veteran men - have greater smoking prevalence; yet, little is known regarding factors that influence smoking in veteran women. The purpose of this study was to begin examining the relationship between a psychological concept known as moral injury and demand for cigarettes among veteran women. ⋯ We provide preliminary evidence of the relatively high RRV of smoking in morally injured veteran women. Continued research is needed to refine the characterization of this relationship.
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2024
Reprint of: Sex differences in appeal, reward, and sensory experience of E-cigarette flavors among adults who smoke cigarettes.
Flavors enhance nicotine e-cigarette appeal by altering sensory experience. Females may be more sensitive to tobacco-associated cues and uniquely affected by flavor. The current study is an exploratory analysis to examine differences by sex on reward, appeal, and sensory experience of popular e-cigarette flavors. ⋯ Menthol in e-cigarettes may play an important role in mediating appeal and/or reward among females. This may be due in part to their ability to better detect sensory effects of e-cigarettes.
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2024
Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS): Frequency of use and smoking-cessation efforts among U.S. women of reproductive age.
Reducing harm from combustible cigarette use among women of reproductive age (WRA) is critical given their potential vulnerability to multigenerational adverse impacts of cigarette smoking. Although electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) are not approved smoking cessation aids in the US, many WRA who smoke report using ENDS to help quit smoking. Associations between ENDS use patterns and smoking-cessation efforts among US WRA remain unclear. ⋯ These findings suggest that benefits of ENDS for smoking cessation in WRA may be greatest among those who use ENDS daily. WRA who choose to use ENDS to help quit would be well-informed by evidence that non-daily ENDS use may impede smoking cessation.
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2024
Behavior change, health, and health disparities 2024: Smoking and other tobacco use among women and girls.
This Special Issue (SI) of Preventive Medicine is the 11th in an annual series on behavior change, health, and health disparities. The theme of this 2024 issue is Smoking and Other Tobacco Use among Women and Girls. Cigarette smoking remains the single most preventable cause of death in the U. ⋯ Women and girls are also using e-cigarettes and many other tobacco products that are flooding the U. S. tobacco marketplace. This SI includes eleven peer-reviewed articles that advance knowledge across a wide range of topics on disproportionate adverse effects, prevalence, and risk factors for cigarette smoking and other tobacco use in women and girls.
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2024
Reprint of: Clustering of behavioral economic biases in decision-making and risk for cigarette smoking and other substance use in women and men.
Low loss aversion (LA) and high delay discounting (DD) are behavioral-economic decision-making biases that independently predict cigarette smoking and other risky substance use. Here we examine (1) whether low-LA and high-DD co-occur, (2) does co-occurrence increase the odds of current smoking and other substance use compared to only low-LA, high-DD, or neither; and (3) potential gender differences in these associations. ⋯ Low-LA and high-DD cluster in women and men such that exhibiting one of these decision-making biases doubles the odds of exhibiting the other. These results demonstrate reliable clustering of low-LA and high-DD and a striking increase in risk for substance use relative to having only one or neither decision-making bias.