Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Nov 1993
Normative distribution of complete blood count from early childhood through adolescence: the Bogalusa Heart Study.
Noting the distribution of blood values in a biracial southern community according to age, sex, and race variations will help in understanding the normative developmental changes in early life and provides background information. ⋯ Blood values differ by age, sex, and race. These differences change at maturation and should be considered when defining normal and "abnormal" blood values.
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As the result of a major prevention and control effort, public health measures directed toward reducing smoking are slowly succeeding (1). Of parallel importance, and the focus of this article, is the research evidence that indicates direct and significant correlations between cancer and certain food groups such as vegetables, fruits, and fiber; the specific components in these foods that may influence cancer risk at several sites; and the intervention trials supported by the National Cancer Institute as part of its chemoprevention research program. The latter includes studies of nutrients and other food constituents as well as pharmaceutical agents that may be useful for cancer prevention.
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Preventive medicine · May 1993
ReviewEnhancing host resistance to pressure ulcers: a new approach to prevention.
Pressure ulcers are notoriously common in spinal-cord-injured patients, in patients with other neurological deficits, in malnourished and severely debilitated patients, and in the frail elderly. Prolonged localized external pressure, coupled with insensitivity to ischemia resulting from neurologic injury, has long been considered the major causal factor. Preventive efforts have focused on the relief of pressure via frequent repositioning and the use of pressure-relieving devices. ⋯ J. Biundo, Jr., Paraplegia in press). Randomized controlled trials are needed to determine the efficacy of high-voltage pulsed galvanic stimulation for preventing pressure ulcers in spinal-cord-injured persons and other groups at high risk.
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Preventive medicine · Mar 1993
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialLipid and lipoprotein distributions in children by ethnic group, gender, and geographic location--preliminary findings of the Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health (CATCH).
The Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health is a school-based study designed to test the effectiveness of dietary, physical activity, and educational interventions for reducing cardiovascular disease risk and teaching healthful behaviors to children. ⋯ Our results suggest that body fatness total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol differ in children by gender, ethnicity, and geographic location.