Anticancer research
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Anticancer research · Aug 2017
The Prognostic Significance of the Tumor-infiltrating Programmed Cell Death-1+ to CD8+ Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Colorectal Cancer.
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been reported to reflect the antitumor immunity of the host and correlate with the therapeutic outcomes and survival. Nowadays TILs are attracting attention as new biomarkers of diseases such as colorectal cancer. TILs are classified into several subsets, among which CD8+ T cells directly attack cancer cells and play a central role in antitumor immunity. A high density of CD8+ TILs has been reported to correlate with a better clinical outcome. Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) is recognized to be a surface marker for dysfunction of T lymphocytes. However, the prognostic significance of PD-1+ TILs remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of the number of PD-1+ TILs and the tumor-infiltrating PD-1+ to CD8+ lymphocyte ratio (PD-1/CD8 ratio) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). ⋯ The PD-1/CD8 ratio may, therefore, be a useful prognostic marker for stage II/III CRC. What is important for predicting the prognosis may be the PD-1/CD8 ratio rather than the absolute number of PD-1+ TILs.
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Anticancer research · Aug 2017
Feasibility of Postoperative Radiotherapy Using Conventional Fractionation for Lymph Node Metastasis from Cutaneous Melanoma.
In the present study we assessed if postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) using conventional fractionation confers a benefit in cutaneous melanoma patients with lymph node (LN) metastasis. ⋯ PORT using conventional fractionation for high-risk LN metastasis from cutaneous melanoma is feasible with comparable regional control and minimal toxicity.
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Anticancer research · Jul 2017
The Effect of Afatinib Treatment in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells.
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a very aggressive and histologically heterogeneous type of lung cancer. The main problem in the treatment of NSCLC is chemoresistance and metastasis. Compared to other malignant tumors, many molecular mechanisms are dysfunctional in NSCLC. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one of the most frequently mutated genes in NSCLC. ⋯ Advanced analysis, might be helpful in understanding the mechanisms of relations between tyrosine kinase inhibition of EGFR and HSPA5 in lung cancer cells.
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Anticancer research · Jun 2017
Clinical Assessment of Sarcopenia and Changes in Body Composition During Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Esophageal Cancer.
The aim of this study was to assess changes in body composition during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and investigate whether chemotherapy-related toxicities affect body composition in patients with esophageal cancer. ⋯ The incidence of serious adverse events such as febrile neutropenia and grade 4 neutropenia is associated with a significant reduction of skeletal muscle mass during NAC. We should make an effort to reduce the incidence of adverse events in order to maintain an appropriate body composition during NAC.
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Anticancer research · Jun 2017
Comparative StudyMultiparametric MRI/TRUS Fusion Prostate Biopsy: Advantages of a Transperineal Approach.
To evaluate the detection rate for clinically-significant prostate cancer (PCa) of transperineal (TP) vs. transrectal (TR) multiparametric MRI/TRUS (magnetic resonance imaging/transrectal ultrasound) fusion targeted-biopsy. ⋯ Multiparametric MRI/TRUS TP in comparison to TR fusion biopsy detected a greater percentage of small but clinically significant PCa of the anterior zone (86.7% vs. 46.7%; p=0.0001).