Anticancer research
-
Anticancer research · Sep 2018
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyCholecystectomy Patients with High Plasma Level of Catalase Have Significantly Lower Analgesia Requirement: A Prospective Study of Two Different Cholecystectomy Techniques with Special Reference to Patients with Cancer.
The plasma level of the oxidative stress biomarker catalase in patients with gallstone disease has not been previously compared with that of patients with cancer. Moreover, the number of analgesic doses required during the first 24 h postoperatively (NAD24) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) or mini-cholecystectomy (MC) in patients with gallstones is unreported. The aim of the present study was to determine the correlation between the plasma catalase level in patients with gallstones according to cholecystectomy technique versus patients with cancer. ⋯ The plasma catalase levels preoperatively and following surgery in the LC and MC patients versus those with cancer were quite similar. Cholecystectomy patients with high plasma levels of catalase appeared to require significantly fewer analgesic doses during the first 24 hours postoperatively (NAD24), suggesting that better oxidative balance following surgery could have a protective role against postoperative pain.
-
Anticancer research · Sep 2018
ReviewDirected Therapies in Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-rearranged Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements were first implicated as driving mutations in non-small cell lung cancer in 2007. Since then, a number of novel, small-molecule inhibitors directed against the ALK receptor have demonstrated superiority over standard chemotherapies in the treatment of ALK rearrangement-positive lung cancer. Of considerable importance when considering such therapies is the ability of each to overcome mutations conferring acquired resistance, as well as penetrate the central nervous system (CNS), the most common site of metastasis and traditionally the most difficult to breach. Herein is a review of the efficacy, indications, and degree of CNS penetration for the ALK-targeting agents crizotinib, ceretinib, alectinib, brigatinib, and lorlatinib, as well as a summary of ongoing clinical trials comparing these drugs.
-
Anticancer research · Aug 2018
Accuracy of Risk Prediction Models for Breast Cancer and BRCA1/BRCA2 Mutation Carrier Probabilities in Israel.
Several algorithms have been developed to assess the risk of predicting BRCA mutation and breast cancer (BC) risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of these prediction algorithms in the Israeli population. ⋯ BOADICEA and BRCAPRO outperformed the other tested algorithms in BRCA mutation prediction in Israeli women, but none was valuable in breast cancer risk prediction.
-
Anticancer research · Jul 2018
Multicenter StudyPhase II Clinical Trial of First-line Eribulin Plus Trastuzumab for Advanced or Recurrent HER2-positive Breast Cancer.
Eribulin mesylate has been approved for advanced or metastatic breast cancers subjected to at least two previous chemotherapy regimens. The present multicenter, phase II, single-arm study assessed the efficacy and safety of a first-line regimen of eribulin plus trastuzumab for untreated advanced or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer. ⋯ Combination therapy of eribulin plus trastuzumab is acceptable in efficacy and safety, and a capable option for first-line advanced or recurrent HER2-positive breast cancer.
-
Anticancer research · Jun 2018
Factors Predictive of Sentinel Lymph Node Involvement in Primary Breast Cancer.
Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has replaced axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) for axillary staging in patients with early-stage breast cancer. The need for therapeutic ALND is the subject of ongoing debate especially after the publication of the ACOSOG Z0011 trial. In a retrospective trial with univariate and multivariate analyses, factors predictive of sentinel lymph node involvement should be analyzed in order to define tumor characteristics of breast cancer patients, where SLNB should not be spared to receive important indicators for adjuvant treatment decisions (e.g. thoracic wall irradiation after mastectomy with or without reconstruction). ⋯ Because of the increased risk for metastatic involvement of axillary sentinel nodes in cases with larger breast cancer or diagnosis of LVI, patients with these breast cancer characteristics should not be spared from SLNB in a clinically node-negative situation in order to avoid false-negative results with a high potential for wrong indication of primary breast reconstruction or wrong non-indication of necessary post-mastectomy radiation therapy. The prognostic impact of avoidance of axillary staging with SLNB is analyzed in the ongoing prospective INSEMA trial.