American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Effects of sodium intake and diet on racial differences in urinary potassium excretion: results from the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-Sodium trial.
We previously showed that African Americans excreted less urinary potassium than whites, even while consuming similar diets in the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) trial. We hypothesized that a low-sodium diet may eliminate these differences. ⋯ Racial differences in urinary potassium excretion depend on sodium intake and diet. Our results may help explain the previously documented large variability in urinary potassium excretion.
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Review Meta Analysis
Antiplatelet therapy to prevent hemodialysis vascular access failure: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Hemodialysis vascular access failure occurs often and increases morbidity for people on hemodialysis therapy. Antiplatelet agents may prevent hemodialysis vascular access failure, but potentially may be hazardous in people with end-stage kidney disease who have impaired hemostasis. ⋯ Antiplatelet treatment protects fistula from thrombosis or loss of patency, but has little or no effect on graft patency and uncertain effects on vascular access maturation for dialysis and major bleeding. Interventions that demonstrably improve vascular access suitability for dialysis are needed.
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Meta Analysis
Dose of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents and adverse outcomes in CKD: a metaregression analysis.
Targeting higher hemoglobin levels with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) to treat the anemia of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. ⋯ In patients with CKD, higher ESA dose might be associated with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular complications independent of hemoglobin level.
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Induction and maintenance treatment of proliferative lupus nephritis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Lupus nephritis accounts for ~1% of patients starting dialysis therapy. Treatment regimens combining cyclophosphamide with steroids preserve kidney function but have significant side effects. Newer immunosuppressive agents may have improved toxicity profiles. ⋯ MMF is as effective as cyclophosphamide in achieving remission in lupus nephritis, but is safer, with a lower risk of ovarian failure. MMF is more effective than azathioprine in maintenance therapy for preventing relapse, with no difference in clinically important side effects.
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Comparative Study
Hemodialysis access usage patterns in the incident dialysis year and associated catheter-related complications.
Hemodialysis (HD) access is considered a critical and actionable determinant of morbidity, with a growing literature suggesting that initial HD access type is an important marker of long-term outcomes. Accordingly, we examined HD access during the incident dialysis period, focusing on infection risk and successful fistula creation during the first dialysis year. ⋯ In a large and representative population of incident US dialysis patients, catheter use remains very high during the first year of HD care and is associated with high mechanical complication and bloodstream infection rates.