Thrombosis research
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Thrombosis research · Apr 2012
Multicenter StudyVenous thromboembolism prophylaxis in medical ICU patients in Asia (VOICE Asia): a multicenter, observational, cross-sectional study.
The VOICE Asia study aimed to establish the mode of thromboprophylaxis in medical patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU), and to describe the epidemiology of patients at high-risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and of patients who were prescribed low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). ⋯ There is substantial underestimation of VTE risk and non-adherence to guidelines for thromboprophylaxis in medical ICU patients in participating Asian countries. This emphasizes the need for increasing awareness about optimum VTE risk assessment and improved implementation of appropriate thromboprophylaxis in at-risk medical ICU patients.
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Thrombosis research · Apr 2012
Comparative StudyIn vitro study of the anticoagulant effects of edoxaban and its effect on thrombin generation in comparison to fondaparinux.
Edoxaban, an oral direct factor Xa (FXa) inhibitor, is in Phase III development for prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disorders. Fondaparinux is an approved indirect FXa inhibitor. This study compared the effects of edoxaban and fondaparinux on thrombin generation (TG) using the calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT). Secondary objectives included evaluation of edoxaban and inhibition of coagulation parameters (prothrombin time [PT], activated partial thromboplastin time [aPTT]), anti-FXa activity and clotting times. ⋯ TG evaluation by the CAT method, coagulation tests, and anti-FXa and clotting assays demonstrated concentration-dependent effects of edoxaban. The PT and aPTT prolongation are reagent dependent; correction of PT ratio by international normalized ratio does not reduce variability in response. The greater effect of edoxaban vs. fondaparinux may be related to the broader activity of direct FXa inhibitors compared with indirect FXa inhibitors.
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Thrombosis research · Apr 2012
Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary support may be an efficient rescue of patients after massive pulmonary embolism. An experimental porcine study.
Treatment of massive pulmonary embolism leading to cardiac arrest is controversial but restitution of circulation within a shorter time is crucial. Cardiopulmonary support and therapeutic hypothermia is an option for cardiac arrest and could be used to treat massive PE. However, hypothermia may influence the effect of the ongoing intrinsic fibrinolysis. ⋯ Cardiopulmonary support could rescue pigs with massive pulmonary embolism. Hypothermia did not reduce the emboli but may for other reasons be beneficial. The optimal additional treatment is still unknown but treatment modalities can be tested in this model.
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Thrombosis research · Apr 2012
Comparative StudyProspective comparison of new Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (JAAM) DIC and International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (ISTH) DIC score in critically ill septic patients.
We prospectively compared the new Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (JAAM) score with the International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (ISTH) score for diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in septic patients admitted in a general critical care intensive care unit. ⋯ In sepsis the JAAM DIC score identified most of the patients diagnosed by the overt ISTH criteria, but failed to discriminate between survivors and non-survivors amongst DIC patients.
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Thrombosis research · Apr 2012
Co-localization of Protein Z, Protein Z-Dependent protease inhibitor and coagulation factor X in human colon cancer tissue: implications for coagulation regulation on tumor cells.
Several hemostatic system components, including factor X (FX), contribute to cancer progression. The Protein Z (PZ)/protein Z-dependent protease inhibitor (ZPI) complex directly inhibits factor Xa proteolytic activity. The aim of this study was to determine the antigenic distribution of ZPI and PZ, in relation to FX, as well as indicators of blood coagulation activation (F1+2 and fibrin) in human colon cancer tissue. ⋯ The localization of PZ/ZPI and FX in colon cancer cells indicates that PZ/ZPI may contribute to anticoagulant events at the tumor site. Strong co-localization of PZ/ZPI and FX in cancer cells, and the presence of the mRNAs encoding the proteins, suggests their role in the tumor's biology. However, the presence of F1+2 and fibrin at the colon cancer site also suggests that the regulation of FXa by the PZ/ZPI complex at this site is incomplete.