Journal of the American College of Nutrition
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Review Meta Analysis
Macronutrient intakes and development of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.
To synthesize the best available evidence on the association between macronutrient intake and type 2 diabetes risk. ⋯ The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that total carbohydrate is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes; however, this effect was not observed in an analysis stratified by gender. High vegetable fat intake may decrease type 2 diabetes risk in females. There is a need for further well-designed prospective cohort studies to examine the potential association between macronutrient intake and type 2 diabetes risk.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Baker's yeast beta-glucan supplement reduces upper respiratory symptoms and improves mood state in stressed women.
Several studies have shown a baker's yeast beta-1,3/1,6-d-glucan, extracted from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is effective in reducing the incidence of cold and flu symptoms. This study evaluated the effect of a specific beta-glucan supplement (Wellmune) on upper respiratory tract symptoms and psychological well-being in women with moderate levels of psychological stress. ⋯ These data show that daily dietary supplementation with Wellmune reduces upper respiratory symptoms and improves mood state in stressed subjects, and thus it may be a useful approach for maintaining immune protection against daily stressors.