Birth
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To critically appraise the literature on the relations between four intrapartum obstetric interventions-electronic fetal monitoring (EFM), epidural analgesia, labor induction, and labor acceleration; and two types of delivery-instrumental (forceps and vacuum) and cesarean section. ⋯ Complex patterns of associations between obstetric interventions and modes of delivery were illustrated in an empirical model. Intermittent auscultation and nonpharmacological labor pain control interventions, such as one-to-one support during labor, have the potential for substantially reducing cesarean deliveries.
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Sexual violence (SV) is being used widely as a weapon of war. However, few studies have investigated its health effects. The objective of the present study is to investigate the relationship between sexual violence and several serious reproductive health conditions including fistula. ⋯ Conflict-related sexual violence can contribute to women's adverse reproductive health outcomes. Its impact is more devastating than that of NCRSV.
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This observational study examined the proportion of family physicians continuing to perform deliveries from 2003-2010. ⋯ The proportion of family physicians performing deliveries continues to decline with most delivering 25 or fewer babies per year. This change will require more effort by obstetrician-gynecologists and midwives in being primary birth attendants.
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In 2009, the Institute of Medicine revised gestational weight gain recommendations; revisions included body mass index (BMI) category cut-point changes and provision of range of gain for obese women. Our objective was to examine resident prenatal caregivers' knowledge of revised guidelines. ⋯ Guideline knowledge is the foundation of accurate counseling, yet resident prenatal caregivers were minimally aware of the 2009 Institute of Medicine gestational weight gain guidelines almost a year after their publication.