Pediatric emergency care
-
Pediatric emergency care · Aug 1992
Comparative StudyRacial differences in childhood hospitalized pedestrian injuries.
This research provides an epidemiologic analysis of pedestrian-related injury discharges from The Children's Hospital of Alabama in Birmingham, utilizing a case-control design. Evidence is provided supporting the racial disproportionality of serious, nonfatal pedestrian injuries in children. ⋯ This racial association with pedestrian injury remained significant when the data were stratified by payment class, a proposed surrogate measure of socioeconomic status (adjusted odds ratio = 2.59). A catalog of harmful environmental factors that may be pervasive in black children's lives is provided as an aid in planning intervention programs and their evaluation.
-
Pediatric emergency care · Aug 1992
Comparative StudyIntraosseous versus intravenous epinephrine infusions in lambs: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
Intraosseous and intravenous administrations of epinephrine were compared in newborn lambs. Plasma epinephrine levels were measured during each route of drug administration and used to calculate steady-state epinephrine clearance rate and to compare cardiovascular responses with plasma levels. Epinephrine was administered at a dose of 0.5 to 5 micrograms/kg/min. ⋯ Both thresholds were within the ranges of plasma epinephrine levels that would be achieved at doses of 0.4 to 0.6 microgram/kg/min by either route. Other hemodynamic responses, including the maximum systolic blood pressure and degree of reflex bradycardia, were comparable. These results support the effectiveness of the intraosseous route for epinephrine administration.
-
Pediatric emergency care · Aug 1992
Case ReportsDevelopment of Kasabach-Merritt syndrome following needle aspiration of a hemangioma.
A case of Kasabach-Merritt syndrome that developed following needle aspiration in an infant with hemangioma is presented. Enlargement of the tumor leading to severe respiratory distress accompanied by hemorrhages occurred within six to eight hours after this simple intervention. ⋯ It took approximately three months for the platelet count and one year for the clinical state to revert to normal. This case illustrates that minor trauma may lead to life-threatening symptoms in a young infant with congenital hemangioma.
-
Pediatric emergency care · Aug 1992
Case ReportsAn aseptic meningitis picture from incipient brain abscess.
A preadolescent with headache and stiff neck presented for emergency department care. The presumptive diagnosis of viral meningitis was entertained on the basis of clinical examination and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Events subsequent to his release from the department formed the stimulus for this report. It is apparent that patients with complicated sinusitis may present with a constellation of findings consistent with viral meningitis.