Pediatric pulmonology
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Pediatric pulmonology · Jul 2020
Case ReportsImpaired lung function following e-cigarette or vaping product use associated lung injury in the first cohort of hospitalized adolescents.
Beginning June 2019, Children's Wisconsin was the first hospital to identify a cohort of adolescent patients hospitalized with symptoms likely associated with e-cigarette use. Our report adds to the growing literature describing the radiographic, gross and cytopathologic bronchoscopic findings, and short-term lung function outcomes in this cohort of adolescents with e-cigarette or vaping product use associated lung injury (EVALI). ⋯ We report short-term outcomes of the first cohort of adolescent patients hospitalized with EVALI. An association is observed between clinical improvement and treatment with systemic corticosteroids. However, residual airway reactivity or diffusion abnormalities persisted when patients were re-evaluated in the short-term period (mean 4.5 weeks).
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Pediatric pulmonology · Jul 2020
Randomized Controlled TrialComparison of delivered distending pressures in the oropharynx in preterm infant on bubble CPAP and on three different nasal interfaces.
To compare the level of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) delivered by three different CPAP delivery interfaces (RAM cannula system, Hudson prongs, and nasal mask) in preterm neonates with respiratory distress. ⋯ None of the nasal interfaces delivered oropharyngeal pressure equivalent to the set CPAP. However, nasal mask delivered oropharyngeal pressure best matched to the set CPAP.
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Pediatric pulmonology · Jul 2020
Case ReportsThe importance of anti-vaping vigilance-EVALI in seven adolescent pediatric patients in Northeast Ohio.
As of 18 February 2020, the e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) epidemic has claimed the lives of 68 patients in the USA with the total number of reported cases standing at 2807 to date. We present the clinical and radiologic findings, course of illness, and treatment of EVALI in seven adolescent patients in Northeast Ohio. Five of our patients required supplemental oxygen with four requiring intensive care unit care for respiratory support during admission. ⋯ However, impaired diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) with nonobstructive spirometry was seen in patients that were tested postdischarge. This suggests that although recovery from the acute illness process of EVALI is achieved, there may be long-term impact on lung function in these patients. We recommend close follow-up with a pediatric pulmonologist where spirometry and DLCO can be performed.
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Pediatric pulmonology · Jul 2020
Case ReportsVaping associated lung injury: A potentially life-threatening epidemic in US youth.
The Center for Disease Control (CDC) has identified a national outbreak in the United States of over 2600 cases of e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI), including 60 deaths as of January 2020. We describe our experience in six adolescents. ⋯ We describe the clinical course and radiologic findings of EVALI in our adolescent patients and present a new finding in the brain not yet described in the literature. Given the diversity of presenting symptoms, a high level of suspicion for EVALI is necessary for patients reporting vaping product use regardless of the presence of pulmonary complaints. Brain MRI should be strongly considered in patients with neurologic symptoms.
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Since December 8, 2019, an epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly, but information about children with COVID-19 is limited. ⋯ The clinical symptoms of the new coronavirus infection in children were not typical and showed a less aggressive clinical course than teenage and adult patients. Children who have a familial clustering or have a family member with a definite diagnosis should be reported to ensure a timely diagnosis.