The Pediatric infectious disease journal
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · May 2007
Children with sickle cell disease and human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection: use of inpatient care services in the United States.
The purpose of this study was to describe hospital use patterns of children with sickle cell disease (SCD) and human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV) infection in the United States. ⋯ Hospitalized children with SCD and HIV infection have higher odds of infection than those with SCD alone. Their inpatient case-fatality rate is lower than that of children with HIV infection alone. These findings should be considered in designing appropriate interventions for this population.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Apr 2007
Case ReportsSuccessful medical treatment of cutaneous aspergillosis in a premature infant using liposomal amphotericin B, voriconazole and micafungin.
Treatment options for primary cutaneous aspergillosis in neonates are limited by the lack of pharmacokinetic and safety data of newer antifungal agents that are effective against Aspergillus spp. We report the successful treatment of cutaneous aspergillosis in an extremely low-birth-weight preterm infant with liposomal amphotericin B, voriconazole and micafungin, and provide pharmacokinetic profiles for voriconazole and micafungin.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Mar 2007
Case ReportsTick-borne relapsing fever polymerase chain reaction of tick-borne relapsing fever caused by Borrelia hermsii.
A patient presented to our hospital with symptoms consistent with relapsing fever. A blood specimen was positive by genus-specific polymerase chain reaction, and sequencing revealed Borrelia hermsii. We propose the polymerase chain reaction as a possible alternative for currently used tests for the diagnosis of tick-borne relapsing fever.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Mar 2007
Infection is the major component of the disease burden in aboriginal and non-aboriginal Australian children: a population-based study.
Infection accounts for the majority of pediatric mortality and morbidity in developing countries, but there are limited data on the infectious diseases burden in children from developed countries. We investigated reasons for hospitalization before age 2 years in a birth cohort of Western Australian Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children. ⋯ Infections are the leading cause of hospitalization in children under 2 years of age. The continuing heavy burden of serious infections, borne disproportionately by Aboriginal children, needs to be alleviated. Public health interventions such as the development and universal implementation of vaccines for respiratory syncytial virus, rotavirus and influenza are needed, while adequate funding must be committed to Indigenous health services and training.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Feb 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyImmunogenicity of an inactivated hepatitis A vaccine in infants and young children.
Infants with passively transferred maternal antibody, born to mothers immune to hepatitis A virus (HAV), have a blunted response to hepatitis A (HA) vaccine. We compared HA vaccine immunogenicity among infants born to immune and susceptible mothers, vaccinated on different schedules. ⋯ HA vaccine is immunogenic among infants born to HA-susceptible mothers and those born to immune mothers and vaccinated beginning > or =12 months old. Passively transferred maternal antibody persists for at least 6 months and results in a blunted response to HA vaccination.