Nutrition
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Vitamin D deficiency is associated with a greater risk for osteoporosis and also influences skeletal muscle functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of vitamin D restriction on ovariectomized (OVX) rats fed a high-fat diet. ⋯ We provided evidence that a high-fat diet with vitamin D restriction influences bone and muscle metabolism using OVX rats. Further studies on vitamin D deficiency in the regulation of muscle as well as bone metabolism would provide valuable data for the prevention of osteoporosis and sarcopenia.
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Evidence for the combined association of the quality of dietary carbohydrates and fats during pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is scarce. The aim of this study was to identify dietary patterns during pregnancy, derived by the reduced-rank regression (RRR) model, associated with fiber density (g/1000 kcal) and the Thrombogenicity Index (TI) and to investigate their relationship with GDM. ⋯ These data highlight the joint importance of the quality of dietary carbohydrates and fats in the dietary patterns of pregnant women in relation to the risk for developing GDM.
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The aims of this study were to underline the interpretation of vitamin B1 and to evaluate whether differences in hemoglobin (Hb) levels and sex effect vitamin B1 results. ⋯ Vitamin B1 concentrations >48 μg/L should be interpreted with Hb levels to avoid postanalytical errors that mask deficiency. Therefore, in comparative studies, researchers need to pay attention to eliminate the effect of Hb on whole blood vitamin B1 levels.
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The aim of this study was to review the factors associated with stunting in the northern province of Rwanda by assessing anthropometric status, dietary intake, and overall complementary feeding practices. ⋯ Interventions focusing on optimal nutrition during the complementary feeding stage, exclusive breastfeeding, and the use of deworming tablets have the potential to substantially reduce stunting in children in the northern province of Rwanda.
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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common public health issues worldwide. Oranges are the most popular fruit consumed in the world. Admittedly, flavonoids in oranges act as antioxidants and improve liver steatosis. However, oranges also are rich in fructose, which is a risk factor in the progress of NAFLD. Therefore, we hypothesize that orange intake may be a double-edged sword in the development of NAFLD. To our knowledge, there currently is little evidence of the effect of dietary orange intake on NAFLD. The aim of this study was to investigate how orange intake is related to NAFLD in a general adult population. ⋯ The present study demonstrated that orange intake is positively associated with the prevalence of NAFLD.