Nutrition
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Observational Study
Adherence to a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern status and associated factors among Portuguese older adults: Results from the Nutrition UP 65 cross-sectional study.
The aim of this study was to evaluate adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP) and its associated factors in older Portuguese adults. ⋯ Of the sample, 57% did not adhere to the Mediterranean diet. Potentially modifiable factors associated with lower adherence to the MDP were lower educational and health status.
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The aim of this study was to examine the reproducibility and relative validity of a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in assessing food group estimates. ⋯ Moderately good reproducibility and low-moderate relative validity of the FFQ used in preschool children was observed. Relative validity, however, varied by food and beverage group; for some of the "key" foods/drinks targeted in the ToyBox intervention (e.g., biscuits), the validity was good. The findings should be considered in future epidemiologic and intervention studies in preschool children.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Two parenteral amino acid solutions and plasma levels of amino acids in the neonate: A randomized trial.
In neonates on total parenteral nutrition (TPN), amino acids may be a risk factor for developing total parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (TPNAC). We aimed, first, to compare methionine, cysteine, and taurine plasma levels between neonates on TPN who were receiving an intravenous amino acid solution based on a breast milk aminogram and those on an intravenous solution of pediatric amino acids based on an umbilical cord aminogram, and second, to determine the frequency of TPNAC. ⋯ Administering an intravenous solution of pediatric amino acids based on the umbilical cord aminogram yielded a higher taurine and lower methionine plasma concentration than did administering a similar solution based on the breast milk aminogram.
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In pursuit of developing anti-aging or age-delaying strategies, nutritional interventions have long been considered promising candidates. However, emerging advances in the understanding of the causes and effects of senescence per se have enhanced the prospects of a more focused approach in the exploration of therapies aimed at the modulation of aging. The aim of this study was to review recent developments on the molecular basis of aging and provide evidence that regulation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and apoptotic pathways could be the key mechanistic targets of prospective senescence modulatory interventions. The emerging role of nutraceuticals in specifically targeting these molecular aspects of senescence are reviewed with the rationale of identifying novel opportunities and challenges in formulating food- and nutrition-based anti-aging therapies.