Nutrition
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Disease-related malnutrition (DRM) is a frequent clinical problem, characterized by loss of lean body mass and decreased function, including muscle function and immunocompetence. In DRM, nutritional intervention is necessary, but it has not consistently been shown to be sufficient. Other factors, for example, physical activity and hormonal or metabolic influencers of the internal milieu, are also important in the treatment of DRM. ⋯ The aim of this review was to approach DRM using this paradigm of anabolic competence, for conceptual and practical reasons. Anabolic competence is defined as "that state which optimally supports protein synthesis and lean body mass, global aspects of muscle and organ function, and immune response." Anabolic competence and interdisciplinary, multimodality interventions create a practical foundation to approach DRM in a proactive comprehensive way. Here, we describe the paradigm of anabolic competence, and its operationalization by measuring factors related to anabolic competence and suited for clinical management of patients with DRM.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Organic beet leaves and stalk juice attenuates HDL-C reduction induced by high-fat meal in dyslipidemic patients: A pilot randomized controlled trial.
Beet leaves and stalks are rich in polyphenols; however, their effect on risk factors for cardiovascular disease in humans, to our knowledge, has not yet been investigated. The aim of this study was to analyze the acute effect of beet leaves and stalk juice, containing different concentrations of polyphenols, on lipemia, glycemic control, nitric oxide concentration, and blood pressure in patients with dyslipidemia after a high-fat meal. ⋯ The beet leaves and stalk juice attenuated the reduction of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol induced by a high-fat meal.
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Since the discovery of fatty acids, a niche has been carved for their vital role as adjuvants in drug delivery and as treatment for various diseases. The literature has repeatedly described the essential role of various fatty acids in treating a wide range of diseases and disorders, from central nervous system diseases to wound healing. The use of fatty acids has expanded to many horizons and in recent decades they have gained importance as drug delivery adjuvants in addition to their auxiliary benefits in treating various diseases. ⋯ The aim of this review was to provide this perspective and combine the very discreet literature about fatty acids, which includes their role as therapeutic adjuvants and drug delivery agents. It gives insights on the use of fatty acids in treating the diseases of the eye, skin, central nervous system, viral diseases, and so on. The review further discusses how the structure of fatty acids plays an important role in therapeutic activity and affects formulation stability.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Pragmatic Clinical Trial
Addition of oat bran reduces HDL-C and does not potentialize effect of a low-calorie diet on remission of metabolic syndrome: A pragmatic, randomized, controlled, open-label nutritional trial.
It is unclear whether addition of soluble fiber to a low-calorie diet potentializes weight loss and amelioration of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of oat bran on prevalence of MetS and associated disorders. ⋯ Daily consumption of oat bran did not potentialize the beneficial effects of a traditional low-calorie diet on the prevalence of MetS and associated disorders. Additionally, it reduced HDL-C.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Differential plasma postprandial lipidomic responses to krill oil and fish oil supplementations in women: A randomized crossover study.
There is no convincing evidence that krill oil (KO) consumption results in a higher incorporation of long chain ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids into blood lipid fractions than fish oil (FO). This study examined the postprandial plasma lipidomic responses to KO supplementation compared with FO supplementation in healthy women. ⋯ After the supplementations, 5 out of 34 lipid classes or subclasses had significantly greater concentrations from KO compared with FO. There were 27 molecular species including 5 ether-phospholipid species, out of a total of 701, which had significant differences between supplementations in the postprandial period. Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid from KO were preferentially partitioned toward phospholipid molecular species, whereas eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid from FO were preferentially partitioned toward neutral lipids.