Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
High fructose consumption with a high-protein meal is associated with decreased glycemia and increased thermogenesis but reduced fat oxidation: A randomized controlled trial.
Fructose is often recommended due to its ability to lower glycemic response and its increased thermogenic effect. Additionally, proteins can reduce the glycemic response of carbohydrate-rich foods and have a high diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT). The aim of this study was to investigate whether the inclusion of fructose in a high-protein meal would demonstrate metabolic advantages. ⋯ Fructose is an effective sweetener in reducing glycemia and increasing DIT in the presence of a high-protein diet. However, the reduced fat oxidation after high fructose consumption might present a risk for increased lipogenesis.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between dietary patterns and abdominal obesity among middle-aged and elderly Japanese people, using both waist circumference (WC) and visceral fat (VF) as indices. ⋯ The healthy Japanese dietary pattern was negatively associated with WC and VF in middle-aged and elderly Japanese men.
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The aim of this study was to assess the association between the inflammatory potential of diet, as measured by the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and insulin resistance (IR) or metabolic syndrome (MetS). ⋯ Although the association between DII and the outcomes was not detected in this sample, the study demonstrated that the diets of these young adult Brazilians had a high inflammatory potential when compared with other studies. Future studies, preferably using longitudinal designs, are recommended.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of a leucine-enriched amino acid supplement on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical function in post-stroke patients with sarcopenia: A randomized controlled trial.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a leucine-enriched amino acid supplement on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical function in post-stroke patients with sarcopenia. ⋯ We demonstrated that an eight-wk intervention consisting of a leucine-enriched amino acid supplementation and low-intensity resistance training increased muscle mass, strength, and physical function in post-stroke patients with sarcopenia.
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Globally, although progress in eliminating iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) has been reported, IDD is still considered to be a global health problem. As school-aged children are the most accessible population group, their urinary iodine (UI) concentration data are accepted and used as an indicator of IDD for the general population. The aim of this study was to reassess the national, regional, and provincial estimates of UI as a measure of IDD among Filipino school-aged children. ⋯ Although the median UI level of school-age children was optimal, there are pockets of inadequacy and excessive intake that need special concern for targeted intervention.