Nutrition
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Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is influenced by body composition quantity and quality in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and obesity. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) provides a noninvasive quantitative and qualitative body composition assessment. The aim of this study was to determine the role of phase angle (PhA), a BIA-measure of skeletal muscle quality and body cell mass, on CRF in patients with obesity and HFpEF. ⋯ In patients with obesity and HFpEF, a greater PhA is an independent predictor for favorable CRF.
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Systemic sclerosis (SSc) can cause malnutrition due to frequent gastrointestinal involvement. However, prevalence of malnutrition in SSc is poorly known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of malnutrition in SSc and its potential associations with disease features in patients from a tertiary referral center. ⋯ Malnutrition affects more than half of SSc patients and is associated with specific cardiac involvement. Interincisal distance <35 mm could be a red flag for severe malnutrition in SSc.
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Mobile nutrition applications (apps) provide a simple way for individuals to record their diet, but the validity and inherent errors need to be carefully evaluated. The aim of this study was to assess the validity and clarify the sources of measurement errors of image-assisted mobile nutrition apps. ⋯ Mitigating errors significantly improved the accuracy of the Formosa FoodApp, indicating its validity and reliability as a self-reporting mobile-based dietary assessment tool. Dietitians and health professionals should be mindful of potential errors associated with self-reporting nutrition apps, and manual data cleaning is vital to obtain reliable nutrient intake data.
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The new C-reactive protein (CRP)-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index is an immune nutrition scoring system based on serum CRP) serum albumin, and lymphocyte counts. The aim of this study was to verify the prognostic value of the CALLY index in patients with gastric cancer and to evaluate the superiority of this new system. ⋯ The CALLY index can be used as an independent prognostic factor for patients with gastric cancer, and constructs a nomogram prediction model combining TNM staging, BMI, and CALLY index, which yields better predictions than traditional TNM staging.
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The aim of this study was to assess the association between different anthropometric and body composition techniques for defining obesity status and to investigate their clinical implications in older hospitalized patients, both during their hospitalization and after discharge. ⋯ The present study adds to the growing body of evidence supporting the existence of the obesity paradox in hospitalized older patients. Additionally, our novel finding reveals that higher levels of total body water percentage are associated with decreased odds of mortality. The study emphasizes the importance of considering other anthropometric measurements and body composition in addition to BMI, considering its limitations. These findings have important implications for health care providers when recommending changes in nutritional status for the older adult population.