Nutrition
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To highlight the clinical and metabolic correlates of abdominal obesity and various abdominal adipose tissue depots. ⋯ Several physiological and metabolic parameters are site-specific in abdominal adipose tissue. The epidemiological, clinical, and prognostic significance and relative importance of the regional adipose tissue depots, however, remain to be ascertained.
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We investigated the co-occurrence of vitamin A deficiency, iron deficiency, and anemia among young children in the Republic of the Marshall Islands. ⋯ Children in the Republic of the Marshall Islands, ages 1 to 5 y, are at high risk of anemia, vitamin A deficiency, and iron deficiency, and one-third of these children had the co-occurrence of vitamin A and iron deficiencies. Further investigation is needed to identify risk factors and evaluate interventions to address vitamin A and iron deficiencies among children.
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Fortification of food with iron is considered the best sustainable way of preventing iron deficiency when an appropriate diet is not available. The most difficult challenge is to find the ideal combination of iron fortification compound and food vehicle. We investigated the effect of cheese whey drink with 15% of frozen strawberry fortified with ferrous bisglycinate on hemoglobin values in children and adolescents. ⋯ There was a marked reduction in the prevalence of anemia in children and adolescents after long-term fortification of whey drink with ferrous bisglycinate.
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We investigated the effects of phenytoin, an antiepileptic drug, and vitamin K2 (menatetrenone) on bone mineral density and the changes in the levels of menaquinone derivatives (MK-1 approximately MK-14) in the sera and femurs of growing male rats. ⋯ Long-term phenytoin exposure may inhibit bone formation concomitantly with insufficient vitamin K, which, at least in part, contributes to bone loss in rats.