Journal of clinical anesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effects of prostaglandin E1 on the cardiovascular response to tracheal intubation.
To evaluate the efficacy of prostaglandin E1 in attenuating the hypertensive response to laryngoscopy and intubation. ⋯ A single rapid intravenous administration of prostaglandin E1 is a practical pharmacologic and safe method to attenuate the hypertensive response to tracheal intubation. The use of 0.6 micrograms/kg of prostaglandin E1 as a supplement during induction is recommended for reducing the pressor response to intubation on the basis of rate-pressure product and mean arterial pressure following intubation as an index.
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To review the basic pathophysiology of altered coagulation associated with cardiopulmonary bypass and autologous blood transfusion in cardiac surgery. ⋯ Coagulation disorders in cardiac surgery are caused by many factors, such as heparin, platelet dysfunction, and fibrinolysis. Rational use of blood component therapy and medications such as heparin, protamine, and desmopressin are mandatory. Autologous blood transfusion is very useful in decreasing or obviating the use of homologous blood transfusion.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Uptake and biotransformation of sevoflurane in humans: a comparative study of sevoflurane with halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane.
To compare the volatile anesthetic sevoflurane with halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane on the uptake and biotransformation in humans. ⋯ Accurate determinations of uptake and degradation rate for sevoflurane and three other volatile anesthetics in Japanese patients were obtained. These findings have established that, despite its relatively large MAC (1.71%), sevoflurane has a small uptake due to its low solubility. However, the degradation rate was shown to be as high as 3.3%, resulting in a higher serum fluoride concentration than seen after administration of isoflurane, halothane, and (possibly) enflurane.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
End-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring during awake blind nasotracheal intubation.
To test the usefulness of the end-tidal carbon dioxide monitor in facilitating awake blind nasotracheal intubation in patients with potentially difficult airways. ⋯ Monitoring of end-tidal carbon dioxide is useful and valuable in both facilitating blind nasotracheal intubation and avoiding profound hypoventilation.