Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEfficacy of a heat and moisture exchanger in inhalation anesthesia at two different flow rates.
In general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation, a circle system with a heat and moisture exchanger (HME) and a low total flow is often used to prevent hypothermia and to maintain inspired gas humidity. The purpose of the present study was to compare the inspired gas humidity and body temperature, in general anesthesia with or without an HME at two different total flow rates. Eighty patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] I or II) scheduled to undergo either orthopedic or head and neck surgery were studied. ⋯ Group 4L had significantly lower absolute humidity than group 2L. The pharyngeal temperature did not decrease significantly for 2 h in any of the groups. During general anesthesia with a total flow of 2 lxmin(-1) in 2 h, HME might not be necessary, while with a total flow of 4 lxmin(-1), HME could be useful to maintain inspired gas humidity.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2007
Comparative StudyEarly neuropsychological dysfunction in elderly high-risk patients after on-pump and off-pump coronary bypass surgery.
Advanced age is associated with systemic atherosclerosis and is a risk factor for neurological dysfunction after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). However, few studies have investigated early neurological dysfunction after off-pump CABG in elderly patients. ⋯ Off-pump CABG reduced postoperative NP dysfunction in elderly patients with severe systemic atherosclerosis compared to on-pump CABG.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2007
Randomized Controlled TrialThe use of droperidol decreases postoperative nausea and vomiting after gynecological laparoscopy.
We evaluated whether or not routine prophylaxis with 2.5 mg of droperidol would efficiently prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Fifty-two patients scheduled for elective gynecological laparoscopic surgery were eligible for this study. Anesthesia was induced using propofol, fentanyl, and vecuronium, and maintained with sevoflurane in nitrous oxide, fentanyl, and vecuronium. ⋯ Episodes of nausea and vomiting and the need for metoclopramide in group 1 were lower than in group 2, though the total fentanyl dose in group 1 was higher than in group 2. There were no differences in the need for analgesics between the groups. The use of 2.5 mg droperidol safely decreased PONV after gynecological laparoscopy.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2007
Randomized Controlled TrialUse of a wire-guided cannula for radial arterial cannulation.
We compared the success rates of arterial cannulation with a wire-guided cannula (WGC) and the direct technique with a conventional non-wire-guided cannula (non-WGC). A total of 100 adult patients requiring an arterial line in the operating room were assigned randomly to undergo radial arterial cannulation either with the WGC or with the non-WGC. ⋯ Patient characteristics did not affect either the success rates or the insertion times for the two types of cannula. In conclusion, we have confirmed that the success rates of radial arterial cannulation for patients whose physical status is relatively good were similar with the use of the WGC and the non-WGC.