Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Apr 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA comparison of the Trachway intubating stylet and the Macintosh laryngoscope in tracheal intubation: a manikin study.
The Trachway intubating stylet (Trachway(®)), when used by experienced anesthesiologists, has been shown to be effective for difficult airway management. We evaluated the efficacy of this intubating stylet for tracheal intubation in a manikin when used by experienced laryngoscopists with little experience using this device. ⋯ We concluded that the Trachway intubating stylet, when used by novices, is effective in both easy and difficult laryngoscopy scenarios. In difficult laryngoscopy scenarios, this device provided faster, easier, and less traumatic intubation than the Macintosh laryngoscope.
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Journal of anesthesia · Apr 2013
Changes in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in aged patients with early postoperative cognitive dysfunction following total hip-replacement surgery.
We hypothesized that different patterns of biomarkers of brain injury and inflammation exist in aged patients with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) after total hip-replacement with spinal anesthesia. ⋯ The POCD patients were associated with higher postoperative plasma levels of MDA, and higher IL-1β and lower Aβ1-42 levels in preoperative CSF that might predispose the development of POCD in aged patients following total hip-replacement surgery with spinal anesthesia.
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Journal of anesthesia · Apr 2013
ReviewThe recent progress in research on effects of anesthetics and analgesics on G protein-coupled receptors.
The exact mechanisms of action behind anesthetics and analgesics are still unclear. Much attention was focused on ion channels in the central nervous system as targets for anesthetics and analgesics in the 1980s. During the 1990s, major advances were made in our understanding of the physiology and pharmacology of G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling. ⋯ There has been little work on G(s)- and G(i)-coupled receptors. In the last decade, a new assay system, using chimera G(i/o)-coupled receptor fused to Gq(i5), has been established and the effects of anesthetics and analgesics on the function of G(i)-coupled receptors is now more easily studied. This review highlights the recent progress of the studies regarding the effects of anesthetics and analgesics on GPCRs.
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Journal of anesthesia · Apr 2013
Factors affecting fetal bradycardia following combined spinal epidural for labor analgesia: a matched case-control study.
The combined spinal epidural (CSE) technique for labor analgesia has become increasingly popular owing to its rapid onset of analgesia. However, incidences of fetal bradycardia following CSE have been reported. This study aimed to identify predictors of fetal bradycardia post CSE, such as a decrease in pain scores, the block height, Prostin (dinoprostone; Pfizer) use, and dosage of oxytocin. ⋯ The difference between pre- and post-CSE pain scores, and a higher sensory block height, which are surrogates for a greater degree of sympatholysis, were found to be risk factors for fetal bradycardia post CSE.
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Journal of anesthesia · Apr 2013
A pilot study of the pleth variability index as an indicator of volume-responsive hypotension in newborn infants during surgery.
The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of pleth variability index (PVI) to predict fluid responsiveness in newborn infants during surgery. ⋯ This preliminary evaluation shows that PVI may indicate VRH in newborn infants during surgery.