Annals of medicine
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Miliary Tuberculosis (TB) remains an important infectious disease that threatens human health. The clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of miliary TB are summarized in this study. ⋯ The clinical manifestations of miliary TB are atypical, and early diagnosis is challenging. The major comorbidities in miliary TB patients were pharmacological immunosuppression, pneumoconiosis, diabetes, pregnancy, and postpartum. Regarding etiological detection, multi-site and multi-type specimens should be collected for a timely diagnosis. Cerebrospinal fluid mNGS test may be a viable choice in some cases. Finally, current smoking, leukocytosis, elevated ALT levels, and the combination of lymphopenia with bone marrow tuberculosis or tuberculous lymphadenitis were identified as independent risk factors for adverse outcomes.
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Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is a devastating and potentially life-threatening disease globally, with Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess (KPLA) being the most prevalent in Asia. This study aims to develop an effective and comprehensive nomogram combining clinical and radiomics features for early prediction of KPLA. ⋯ The clinical-radiomics nomogram performed well in predicting KPLA, hopefully serving as a reference for early diagnosis of KPLA.
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The risk of gastric cancer can be predicted by gastroscopic manifestation recognition and the Kyoto Gastritis Score. This study aims to validate the applicability of AI approaches for recognizing gastroscopic manifestations according to the definition of Kyoto Gastritis Score, with the goal of improving early gastric cancer detection and reducing gastric cancer mortality. ⋯ Our study demonstrates the potential of deep learning approaches on gastric manifestation recognition over junior, even senior endoscopists. Thus, the deep learning approach holds potential as an auxiliary tool, although prospective validation is still needed to assess its clinical applicability.
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Temporal heterogeneity in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status may be associated with the prognosis of breast cancer. We aimed to clarify the relationship of HER2-low transition during neoadjuvant therapy with survival outcomes under the new classification of HER2 status. ⋯ Our study first indicated in patients across all expression levels of HER2 that stable or at least once HER2-low status may confer favourable attributes including less malignant biological behaviour and long-term survival benefit for breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant therapy.
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Introduction and objectives. Secondary bacterial infections (SBIs) contribute to worse in-hospital outcomes in patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Treatment with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is associated with an increased risk of bacterial infections in different clinical settings. ⋯ PPI treatment prior to hospital admission for COVID-19 is associated with an increased risk of SBIs and SBS. In addition, it interacts with SBS in predicting in-hospital prognosis. An appropriate use of PPIs may attenuate the risk of adverse clinical outcomes during hospitalization for COVID-19.