Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Sep 2021
Investigating the use of physical restraint of children in emergency departments: A Scandinavian survey.
The aim of the study is to describe the current frequency of physical restraint and the use of analgesics and sedatives for treating pediatric pain in emergency departments (EDs) in Scandinavia. ⋯ Physical restraint of children during painful procedures is used in the majority of Scandinavian emergency departments (79%). There appears to be a lack of local guidelines for both pain treatment and sedation.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Sep 2021
ReviewPhysiological and inflammatory consequences of high and low respiratory rate in acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Using protective mechanical ventilation strategies with low tidal volume is usually accompanied by an increment of respiratory rate to maintain adequate alveolar ventilation. However, there is no robust data that support the safety of a high respiratory rate concerning ventilator-induced lung injury. ⋯ Undoubtedly, the respiratory rate can influence respiratory mechanics in various ways as a factor of multiplication of the power of ventilation, and gas exchange, and also on alveolar dynamics. In this narrative review, we present our point of view over the main experimental and clinical evidence available regarding the effect of respiratory rate on ventilator-induced lung injury development.