Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Apr 1985
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialIsoflurane v fentanyl for outpatient laparoscopy.
Isoflurane and fentanyl have been compared as anaesthetic agents for outpatient laparoscopy. In 50 female patients anaesthesia was induced with thiopentone and maintained with nitrous oxide 66% in oxygen combined with either isoflurane 1-2% or fentanyl 0.3 mg according to a randomized list. Suxamethonium was used to facilitate intubation and for further muscle relaxation. ⋯ Reaction times in the isoflurane patients returned to control by 3 h, whereas the fentanyl patients were 10% slower than control at 4 h (P less than 0.05 at 2 h, 3 h, 4 h). Nausea and vomiting were more frequent in the fentanyl group, and four of the fentanyl patients required naloxone. Both anaesthetic techniques provided satisfactory operating conditions, but isoflurane appeared to provide a better recovery with less side effects than fentanyl.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Apr 1985
Simulated spontaneous breathing. A new model for testing anaesthetic circuits.
A carbon-dioxide-producing lung model capable of simulating spontaneous breathing is presented. It consists of a piston in a cylinder, a mixing chamber and a dead space volume. ⋯ The model is easy to handle and accurately mimics a given breathing pattern. It seems suitable for investigations of rebreathing and carbon dioxide elimination in different anaesthetic circuits.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Apr 1985
The Venturi anaesthesia circuit I. An all-purpose breathing system for anaesthesia.
The Venturi is a flow-accelerating injector, activated by fresh gas inflow from the anaesthetic machine. The Venturi entrains exhaled gas from the patient through a soda-lime canister, and carries it to the patient together with fresh gas. The Venturi circuit is a Mapleson D system and the fresh gas requirements are roughly 30 ml kg-1 min-1 for anaesthetized, relaxed, adult patients under controlled ventilation.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 1985
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialCaudal or dorsal nerve block? A comparison of two local anaesthetic techniques for postoperative analgesia following day case circumcision.
Fifty boys presenting for day case circumcision were allocated randomly to receive either caudal analgesia or dorsal nerve block (DNB) to provide postoperative pain relief. Analgesia was assessed by a single, unbiased observer utilising a three-point scale. Subsequently, parents completed a simple questionnaire. ⋯ The incidence of vomiting was significantly lower in the DNB group (P less than 0.05). There was no significant difference in the duration of analgesia, although that produced in the DNB group tended to wane sooner. It is concluded that DNB provides satisfactory analgesia following circumcision and has specific advantages when compared with caudal analgesia.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 1985
Comparative StudyMaternal haemodynamic changes during caesarean section: a comparison of epidural and general anaesthesia.
Haemodynamic measurements were performed on 20 healthy women before and during elective caesarean section under epidural (10 women) or general anaesthesia (10 women). The influence of the two anaesthetic techniques on the haemodynamic changes associated with operative delivery was compared. The following haemodynamic variables were studied: cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV) determined non-invasively with impedance cardiography, heart rate (HR), systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse pressure, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and total peripheral vascular resistance (TPR). ⋯ Following delivery, CO (P less than 0.05) and SV (P less than 0.01) increased whereas HR decreased (P less than 0.01). SBP, DBP and MAP increased (P less than 0.01) prior to delivery, returning to the same level as prior to induction of anaesthesia following delivery. TPR was largely unchanged prior to delivery but decreased (P less than 0.01) following delivery.