Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1984
Controlled ventilation using the Lack circuit with an injector device.
A Lack breathing system with an injector device has been used for controlled ventilation. Oxygen was delivered through an injector device, which was positioned between the Lack circuit and the catheter mount, whilst nitrous oxide was delivered from the anaesthetic machine. ⋯ The circuit was then studied on ten patients undergoing surgery and it was found that an end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration of 5-6% could be maintained. The use of this system during general anaesthesia is discussed.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1984
The duration of pain relief after penile block to boys undergoing circumcision.
Bupivacaine plain, 2.5 mg/ml, was used for a nerve block of the dorsal nerves of the penis. Satisfactory postoperative analgesia was obtained in 24 of 28 boys undergoing circumcision. Eighteen of the 24 boys with a successful nerve block did not require analgesics during the first 24 h postoperatively. All blocks were performed by the surgeon just before surgery.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1984
Comparative StudyIsoflurane and enflurane in long anaesthesias for plastic microsurgery.
Isoflurane and enflurane as main anaesthetics at 0.5-0.7% end-tidal concentrations in 70% N2O/30% O2 supplemented with fentanyl maintained smooth basal anaesthesia in ASA I-II patients during long (6-11 h) plastic surgery (n = 7 + 6) as well as during shorter (2-4 h) operations (n = 5 + 5). There were no statistically significant differences in haemodynamic parameters between isoflurane and enflurane patients, although mean arterial pressure was somewhat lower and heart rate higher in the isoflurane patients during the course of long anaesthesias. ⋯ No clinically adverse renal or hepatic effects were seen, but the liver enzyme activities of four isoflurane and enflurane patients increased after the long anaesthesias. The highest serum inorganic fluoride concentration was 44 mumol/l in the enflurane patients and 5.6 mumol/l in the isoflurane patients.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jun 1984
Comparative StudyDifferential ventilation and selective PEEP during anaesthesia in the lateral decubitus posture.
The potential of differential ventilation (DV) with selective positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) has been tested versus conventional ventilation with and without general PEEP. Gas exchange and central haemodynamics were studied in 15 subjects with no clinical or radiological signs of pulmonary disease. The rationale of the method was to ensure ventilation of the well-perfused dependent lung and to counteract airway closure within that lung. ⋯ P(A-a)o2 was consequently 43% lower than during conventional ventilation without PEEP in the lateral posture (P less than 0.01). Selective PEEP also had less impact on cardiac output than general PEEP (P less than 0.05). It is concluded that DV with even distribution of VT and selective PEEP can reduce the P(A-a)o2 in anaesthetized lung-healthy subjects in the lateral position.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jun 1984
Comparative StudyComparison of halothane and enflurane anaesthesia for tonsillectomy in adults.
Halothane and enflurane in combination with N2O/O2 were compared in 103 adults undergoing tonsillectomy. Anaesthesia was induced with thiopental, and intubation was facilitated with suxamethonium. During halothane anaesthesia the mean heart rate ranged from 91 to 106 beats/min and the mean systolic arterial pressure from 111 to 127 mmHg. ⋯ The corresponding figures after enflurane were 2 and 8%. It is concluded that both halothane and enflurane are suitable anaesthetics for tonsillectomy in adults. The most striking difference between the anaesthetics was the significantly more common occurrence of ECG changes during halothane than enflurane anaesthesia.