Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology
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J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · Nov 2020
Management of Acute Agitation and Aggression in Children and Adolescents with Pro Re Nata Oral Immediate Release Antipsychotics in the Pediatric Emergency Department.
Background: Acute agitation in the pediatric emergency department (ED) has the potential to escalate into aggression and result in harm. Rapid and effective management may be warranted. Use of pro re nata (prn) oral immediate-release (IR) quetiapine, haloperidol, loxapine, and chlorpromazine has been observed in the pediatric ED at Surrey Memorial Hospital to manage this condition; however, evidence for oral prn antipsychotic use is limited in the pediatric population. ⋯ Conclusion: Quetiapine appears to be a viable agent for managing acute agitation and aggression in the pediatric ED with low rates of EPS. Further studies are encouraged to compare the effectiveness of quetiapine with FGA. A Clinical Trial Registration number is not applicable for this study.
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J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · Dec 2019
Youth Growing Up in Families Experiencing Parental Substance Use Disorders and Homelessness: A High-Risk Population.
Objectives: We sought to understand the stressors, the parent-child relationship and family processes, and experiences with services among families experiencing parental substance use disorders (SUDs) and homelessness. Methods: We conducted a total of 41 in-depth semistructured interviews with parents with a history of SUDs and homelessness (n = 16) and housing support staff (n = 25) from May 2017 until January 2018. Participants were recruited from transitional housing facilities across the Los Angeles metropolitan area, which served families experiencing homelessness and parental SUDs. ⋯ We also discovered unique stressors related to navigating housing and services within the community. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate the need for a family-based SUD-preventive intervention for youth growing up in families with parental SUDs and experiencing homelessness, to address the heightened SUD risk. In addition, findings from our study can inform clinical and housing services for this important population.
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J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · Apr 2019
Meta AnalysisAtypical Antipsychotics for Irritability in Pediatric Autism: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.
Irritability is common in pediatric autism spectrum disorder (ASD) patients. This can have major implications in child development, receptivity to behavioral therapy, as well as child and caregiver well-being. A systematic review and network meta-analysis were conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of atypical antipsychotics in treating irritability in these patients. ⋯ Risperidone and aripiprazole were the two best drugs, with comparable efficacy and safety in pediatric ASD patients. These two medications could be beneficial in improving irritability in these patients.
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J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · Mar 2019
Comparative Study Observational StudyWeight-Change Trajectories of Pediatric Outpatients Treated with Risperidone or Aripiprazole in a Naturalistic Setting.
Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) increase appetite and weight, leading toward a metabolic syndrome. Risperidone and aripiprazole, the most widely used pediatric SGAs, have been studied predominantly in short-term clinical trials, where risperidone leads to a rapid weight increase and aripiprazole to a slower one, while long-term effects are not yet elucidated. Factors that may influence weight gain are likewise not clarified, although baseline weight, previous SGA exposure, pubertal status, and type of SGA have been suggested as moderators. We analyzed weight gain induced by risperidone and aripiprazole in a sample of pediatric outpatients enrolled into a 2-year observational study. ⋯ Children were at risk of weight gain more than adolescents, for both risperidone and, of note, aripiprazole. Adolescents and patients with long previous drug exposure tend to reach stable BMI-Z, although in the range between excessive weight and obesity.
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J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · Nov 2018
Pharmacoepidemiology of Tourette and Chronic Tic Disorders in Sweden 2005-2013.
Monitoring "real world" dispensation patterns over time is important to build the evidence base for safe and efficient use of psychotropic drugs. In this study, we aimed to comprehensively examine the patterns of psychotropic drug dispensations in patients with Tourette and chronic tic disorders (TD/CTD) in Sweden between 2005 and 2013. ⋯ Long-term monitoring of these drug dispensation patterns and the study of both their beneficial and adverse effects is warranted.