Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Mar 2016
Review[Resuscitation - cardiopulmonary resuscitation in infants and children (paediatric life support)].
In children, severe emergencies and cardiorespiratory arrests in particular are relatively rare but time-critical events. As compared to adults, hypoxic arrests caused by respiratory disorders that may subsequently result in pulseless electrical activity or asystole are more prevalent. ⋯ Particular emphasis was put on early recognition and treatment of a critically ill or injured child, hence the prevention of cardiorespiratory arrest and the early start of lay rescuer interventions. There have been no major changes in the 2010 algorithms, including retention of the ABC sequence (airway, breathing, circulation).
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Tuberculosis is a rare disease in Germany. This is the result of systematic treatment, contact tracing, and supervision of public health institutions, but even more of good nutrition and immunity of the population. Considering migration waves, a higher incidence of non-diagnosed tuberculosis may be expected. ⋯ To avoid hospital and community infection, several guidelines of national and international organizations are available. This article gives a summary of the mechanism and probability of infection, diagnosis of infection andpathogen detection; important guidelines are referred to, and everyday situations with risk of infection and their avoidance are described. The message is that self-protection should be possible by information and awareness.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Mar 2016
[Anesthesiological aspects in non-cardiac surgery for patients with congenital heart disease].
There are about 6000 children with congenital heart diseases (CHD) born in Germany each year. This number is constant irrespective of the improving prenatal diagnostics. ⋯ Furthermore, it enables anesthesiologists, who have not so much opportunities to treat patients with CHD, to handle such patients safely and successfully, when further knowledge of underlying heart failure and related pathophysiologic characteristics are known. The purpose of this article is to achieve a respectful and confident treatment for patients who had corrective or palliative operations for CHD.