Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Apr 2013
[Perioperative thermal management in children].
Perioperative temperature monitoring is a pre-requisite for successful prevention of inadvertent hypothermia in children. To achieve this goal, besides of pre-warming, active warming measures have to be intensified the younger and immature infants are. ⋯ Forced-air warming in combination with fluid warming has been proven effective in children. Postoperative shivering should be treated, e.g. with pethidin or clonidine.
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Venipunctures in children are difficult. Some factors can hardly be influenced, for example, a well-developed subcutaneous fat tissue. Technical devices may help to identify invisible veins. ⋯ Missing practice venipuncture and inadequate knowledge of appropriate puncture sites can be met easily by practicing and reading. The possibility of intraosseous puncture today is standard of anesthesia care for children. Within in a few seconds, a secure access to the vein system can be created.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Apr 2013
Review[Regional anaesthesia in children--caudal anaesthesia and trunk blocks].
In children, elective surgery is often performed in the trunk region. Regional anaesthetic techniques allow good analgesia with reduced opioid consumption, and enhance rapid discharge of the small patients. This review focuses on indication, anatomic structures, puncture techniques and potential complications of caudal anaesthesia, transversus abdominis plane block, ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block and rectus sheath block.