Neuroimaging clinics of North America
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The vertebral column is the most common site of osseous metastasis, and percutaneous minimally invasive thermal ablation is becoming an important contributor to multidisciplinary treatment algorithms. Continuously evolving minimally invasive image-guided percutaneous spine thermal ablation procedures have proven safe and effective in management of selected patients with spinal metastases to achieve pain palliation and/or local tumor control. This article details the armamentarium available and the most recent advances in minimally invasive, percutaneous image-guided thermal ablation for management of spinal metastases.
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This article discusses the normal anatomy of the posterior fossa structures followed by a discussion of the characteristic neuroimaging features of a variety of cerebellar and brainstem malformations. In this context, the authors classify posterior fossa malformations based on the neuroimaging pattern into (1) predominantly cerebellar, (2) cerebellar and brainstem, and (3) predominantly brainstem malformations.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Aug 2019
ReviewThe Distal Spine: Normal Embryogenesis and Derangements Leading to Malformation.
The spine and spinal cord are composed of multiple segments initiated by different embryologic mechanisms and advanced under different systems of control. In humans, the upper central nervous system is formed by primary neurulation, the lower by secondary neurulation, and the intervening segment by junctional neurulation. This article focuses on the distal spine and spinal cord to address their embryogenesis and the molecular derangements that lead to some distal spinal malformations.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Aug 2019
ReviewDisorders of Ventral Induction/Spectrum of Holoprosencephaly.
Disorders of the ventral induction give rise to a group of congenital malformations that share in common the failure of the prosencephalon cleavage and subsequent formation of midline structures, presenting with a wide spectrum of severity. This article focuses on the imaging findings of the holoprosencephaly spectrum and septo-optic dysplasia, their epidemiology, embryology, and the common clinical associated anomalies. Knowledge of the imaging features of these disorders is necessary for a correct interpretation of findings and accurate parental counseling. Diagnostic evaluation of patients should include molecular screening and genetic counseling to characterize prognosis and risk of recurrence.