Journal of chromatography. A
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Comparative Study
Determination of mustard and lewisite related compounds in abandoned chemical weapons (Yellow shells) from sources in China and Japan.
Knowledge of the states of the contents in chemical munitions that Japanese Imperial Forces abandoned at the end of World War II in Japan and China is gravely lacking. To unearth and recover these chemical weapons and detoxify the contents safely, it is essential to establish analytical procedures to definitely determine the CWA contents. We established such a procedure and applied it to the analysis of chemicals in the abandoned shells. ⋯ The content of mustard was 43% and that of lewisite 55%. The viscous material found was suggested to be mostly oligomers of mustard. Comparison of the components in the Yellow agents with mustard recovered in both Japan and China showed a difference in the impurities between the CWAs produced by the former Imperial navy and those by the former Imperial army.
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Five 2C-series of phenethylamine designer drugs, including 2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethylthio-phenethylamine (2C-T-2), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-(n)-propylthiophenethylamine (2C-T-7), 4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-C), 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxy-phenethylamine (2C-B), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodo-phenethylamine (2C-I), were synthesized and standard GC/MS and fluorescence spectra are reported for them. A mixture of the five drugs was separated and detected by means of capillary electrophoresis (CE) with native fluorescence and light emitting diode (LED)-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection, respectively, for comparison. In the former case, exciting at a wavelength of 300 nm from a Xe lamp was used. ⋯ The detection limits were improved to approximately 10(-7) and approximately 10(-8) M, respectively, when the MEKC and stacking-MEKC modes were applied. A mimic urine sample was obtained by spiking urine from a volunteer with the five standards, and after liquid-liquid extraction, the sample was examined by means of the MEKC-LIF mode. The extraction procedures used for the urine sample and the CE conditions for the separation were optimized.