Medicina
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Epinephrine is an adrenergic agonist used to treat bronchospasm, anaphylactic reactions, bradycardia, cardiac arrest, and hypotension. Its toxicity is usually caused by iatrogenic errors. In overdose there is a typical rapid onset of agitation, hypertension, tachycardia, and dysrhythmias. This review article focuses on the causes of overdose, signs and symptoms, treatment and expected course, and prognosis of this iatrogenic pathology.
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Although aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) has become widely available without prescription, cases of self-poisoning due to overdose of salicylates are quite uncommon, with a low reported mortality. However, severe poisoning with these preparations is life threatening. ⋯ On the basis of clinical and metabolic features or salicylate concentration in plasma it is very important to diagnose severe poisoning with salicylates in time and prescribe an adequate treatment. In the present review article various aspects of salicylate poisoning and its treatment are discussed: epidemiology, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of salicylates, clinical manifestations of their toxicity, management, enhanced elimination and prognosis.
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Comparative Study
Changes in serum electrolyte levels and their influence on the incidence of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.
Our study was designed to assess the incidence of atrial fibrillation, changes of serum electrolyte concentrations following coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. ⋯ 1. The incidence of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery remains relatively high (26.83%). 2. Serum electrolyte concentration after coronary artery bypass grafting varies within normal ranges. 3. Patients with postoperative atrial fibrillation had higher chloride and lower phosphate concentration immediately after surgery and lower ionized calcium and phosphate level 18-20 hours after the surgery.
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Comparative Study
Effects of parathyroid hormone on newly regenerated bone during distraction osteogenesis in a rabbit tibial lengthening model. A pilot study.
The overall purpose of the study is to determine the effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH) (1-34) on bone formation in regenerated and surrounding bone of distracted callus during limb lengthening in rabbits. Additionally the aim of the pilot study is to titrate the optimal dose of PTH for distraction osteogenesis treatment in rabbits' tibial lengthening model. ⋯ PTH (1-34) treatment improved mineralization, structural indices of regenerated distracted rabbits' tibiae, whereas treatment at a dose of 25 microg/kg/day PTH (1-34) was significantly more effective than 5 microg/kg/day PTH(1-34) dose treatment when compared to control group. Bigger dose has been chosen for the main study.
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Comparative Study
[Evaluation of diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome to identify insulin resistance].
The aim of study was to evaluate the possibilities of different diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome in identifying subjects with insulin resistance and to assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome according to gender in one Lithuanian district. ⋯ The highest prevalence of metabolic syndrome was determined according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. According to the National Cholesterol Education Program and International Diabetes Federation criteria metabolic syndrome was observed more frequently in women. The highest prevalence of insulin resistance was determined in metabolic syndrome group based on World Health Organization criteria. Using the World Health Organization and International Diabetes Federation criteria for metabolic syndrome provides more opportunities to identify subjects with insulin resistance.