International anesthesiology clinics
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The pulse oximeter estimates arterial hemoglobin saturation by measuring the light absorbance of pulsating vascular tissue at two wavelengths. The relationship between measured light absorbances and saturation was developed empirically and is built into the oximeter software. Studies in human volunteers have shown good performance of the device in healthy adults for saturations in the range of 70 to 100%. ⋯ The pulse oximeter is one of the most important advances in noninvasive monitoring because it provides a means of continuously and quickly assessing arterial blood oxygenation. It is easy to use and interpret, requires little setup time, and poses no additional risks to the patient. Pulse oximetry may soon be a standard of practice for routine monitoring in any clinical setting in which the patient is at risk of hypoxemia.
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SvO2 measurement by reflectance oximetry incorporated into a thermodilution catheter is a reliable method of assessing the adequacy of oxygen delivery and is currently the best method of continuously monitoring oxygen supply-demand relationships. The SvO2 measurement continuously monitors the tissue status of oxygenation. ⋯ SvO2 monitoring is of value in the critically ill cardiac and general surgical patients, not only during the surgical intervention but also in the postoperative period when managing derangements of ventilation and circulation. In our experience, continuous surveillance of the SvO2 currently is the best rapidly responsive indicator of cardiopulmonary function and oxygen transport.
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Int Anesthesiol Clin · Jan 1987
Review Comparative StudyCrystalloid versus colloid: is colloid worth the cost?