Annals of surgery
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To investigate the impact of global and local genetic ancestry and neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES), on breast cancer (BC) subtype, and gene expression. ⋯ In this translational epidemiologic study of genetic ancestry and nSES on BC subtype, we discovered associations between increasing WA ancestry, low nSES, and higher rates of TNBC compared to other BC subtypes. Moreover, on admixture mapping, specific chromosomal segments were associated with WA ancestry and TNBC, independent of nSES. However, on multinomial logistic regression adjusting for WA ancestry, women from low nSES were more likely to have TNBC, independent of genetic ancestry. These findings highlight the complex nature of TNBC and the importance of studying potential gene-environment interactions as drivers of TNBC.
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To evaluate if patient-derived organoids (PDOs) may predict response to neoadjuvant (NAT) chemotherapy in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. ⋯ Herein we report a large single-institution organoid biobank, including ethnic minority samples. The ability to establish PDOs from chemotherapy-naive and post-NAT tissue enables longitudinal PDO generation to assess dynamic chemotherapy sensitivity profiling. PDOs can be rapidly screened and further development of rapid screening may aid in the initial stratification of patients to the most active NAT regimen.
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To assess the impact of current guidelines by reporting weekly postoperative postdischarge venous thromboembolism (VTE) rates. ⋯ Postdischarge VTE risk within 4 weeks of colectomy is ∼2-fold greater following emergency benign compared with elective malignant resections, suggesting emergency benign colectomy patients may benefit from extended VTE prophylaxis.
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Carotid revascularization procedures are effective in stroke prevention in appropriately selected patients. We sought to understand the effects of the carotid intervention on cognitive function in a well-defined cohort of prospectively recruited patients. ⋯ This prospective study showed that carotid intervention improved memory and executive function in patients with the severe carotid occlusive disease. It highlights the cognitive benefit of the carotid intervention in appropriately selected patients.
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This study aimed to enhance hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening to achieve earlier diagnosis of patients with hepatitis C (HCV) cirrhosis in our Safety-Net population. ⋯ Implementation of an HCC screening program at a safety-net hospital is feasible and facilitated earlier diagnosis in this study. Patient navigation and tracking completion of imaging tests were key components of the program's success. Next steps include expanding the program to additional at-risk populations.