Journal of occupational health psychology
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J Occup Health Psychol · Jan 2004
The influence of prior commitment on the reactions of layoff survivors to organizational downsizing.
Nurses (N = 179; Study 1) and managers (N = 154; Study 2) participated in 2 panel studies examining the relationship among prior commitment (affective and continuance commitment and perceived organizational support), coping strategies, and survivors' attitudes and perceptions during and following downsizing. In Study 1, perceived organizational support was significantly positively related to control-oriented coping, job satisfaction, and intention to remain and negatively related to perceived job insecurity and burnout 2 years later. In Study 2, coping mediated the relationship between the prior commitment variables and job alienation, health symptoms, and burnout following the downsizing. Control-oriented coping was associated with elevated levels of health symptoms and burnout following the downsizing, suggesting that control-oriented coping may have positive effects in the short term but potentially harmful effects in the long term.
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J Occup Health Psychol · Oct 2003
Raising voice, risking retaliation: Events following interpersonal mistreatment in the workplace.
This study advances the literature on workplace deviance, addressing retaliation victimization in the context of interpersonal mistreatment. Using survey data from 1,167 public-sector employees, the authors investigated experiences of work retaliation victimization and social retaliation victimization among employees who have vocally resisted interpersonal mistreatment. ⋯ These analyses also reveal health-related costs associated with victim silence--that is, enduring mistreatment without voicing resistance. Results are interpreted in light of theory on power, emotions, and justice in organizations.
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J Occup Health Psychol · Oct 2003
Workplace safety performance: conscientiousness, cognitive failure, and their interaction.
This research investigated the effects of cognitive failure on workplace safety and accidents over 2 studies. It was hypothesized that cognitive failure would directly predict safety behavior and workplace accidents and predict these outcomes over and above conscientiousness. It was found that cognitive failure uniquely accounted for workplace safety behavior and accidents. ⋯ Thus, a moderated model was tested examining the interaction of cognitive failure and conscientiousness. It was found that cognitive failure moderated the relationship between conscientiousness and accidents and unsafe work behaviors. Overall, results suggest that cognitive failure plays an important part in individual safety behavior, especially when conscientiousness is low.
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J Occup Health Psychol · Apr 2003
Race as a moderator in a model of sexual harassment: an empirical test.
L. F. Fitzgerald, C. ⋯ This study describes 2 theoretical positions, tokenism and double jeopardy, that could account for this possible moderation by race, as well as the alternative view that no moderating effects exist. The effects of race are empirically examined through simultaneous path analysis. Results indicate that whereas mean levels of harassment differ across race, the phenomenon of sexual harassment unfolds similarly across races; race is not a moderator of the relationships between sexual harassment and the variables proposed as its antecedents and outcomes.
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J Occup Health Psychol · Jul 2002
Staff burnout and patient satisfaction: evidence of relationships at the care unit level.
Research on burnout has thus far focused primarily on the individual; however, in work environments in which teamwork is emphasized, it seems plausible that a meaningful group-level burnout construct could emerge. This theory was tested by examining burnout in psychosocial rehabilitation teams and its effects on patient satisfaction. ⋯ Multilevel analyses (hierarchical linear modeling) confirmed the existence of a meaningful team-level burnout construct. Team-level analyses revealed significant relationships between team burnout and patient satisfaction.