Journal of occupational health
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This study explored the associations between biomechanical and psychosocial work factors and musculoskeletal symptoms in vineyard workers. ⋯ These results underlined that both biomechanical and psychosocial work factors may play a role in musculoskeletal pain among vineyard workers. Prevention policies focusing on both biomechanical and psychosocial work exposures may be useful to prevent musculoskeletal symptoms.
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Comparative Study
Two- and 13-week inhalation toxicities of indium-tin oxide and indium oxide in rats.
Two- and 13-week inhalation toxicities of indium-tin oxide (ITO) and indium oxide (IO) were characterized for risk assessments of workers exposed to ITO. ⋯ Persistent pulmonary lesions including alveolar proteinosis and macrophage infiltration occurred after 2- and 13-week inhalation exposures of rats to ITO and IO. Fibrosis of alveolar wall developed later. These lesions occurred after ITO exposure at the same concentration as the current occupational exposure limit in the USA and at blood indium levels below the biological exposure index in Japan for indium.
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To determine the incidence rate of work-related aggression and violence (WRAV) against doctors and investigate risk factors and psychological influences of WRAV doctors. ⋯ Doctors encountered WRAV at an incidence rate of 0.20×10(-3) per practice hour, and some of them might develop PTSD. Countermeasures are required to maintain sound health and safe workplaces for doctors.
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To investigate the injury of cell tight junctions and change in actin level in the alveolus epithelial cells of the lung after perfluoroisobutylene (PFIB) exposure and the role of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) in the injury. ⋯ At an earlier stage, the increased permeability of the blood-air barrier after PFIB exposure is probably the result of injury of cell tight junctions that acts in concert with later changes in actin, resulting in an increase in permeability. MLCK could be a potential target for novel drug development for relief of acute lung injury.
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Workplace bullying is increasingly being recognized as a serious problem within the work environment. Previous studies in European countries have reported the prevalence of workplace bullying and its association with poor mental health, using the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R: Einarsen & Hoel, 2001), but there have been very few studies in Japan. The authors translated the 22-item NAQ-R into the Japanese language and examined the internal consistency reliability and concurrent and construct validity, including factor-based validity, of this scale in a sample of Japanese civil servants. ⋯ The present study showed acceptable levels of reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the NAQ-R among Japanese civil servants.